Immediate Response to Greater Auricular Nerve Blockade in Red Ear Syndrome

Selekler, Macit; Kutlu, Ayşe; Uçar, Selçuk; Almaç, Ahmet

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2008.01756.x

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The therapeutic strategy is oriented to the underlying disease, where possible. Thus, the successful use of ibuprofen, β-blockers, tricyclic antidepressants or calcium antagonists has been reported in concurrent migraine, or of local anesthetic nerve blockades and severance of the third cervical root in patients with degenerative changes of the spinal column [2,3,5,12,13]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Ear Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Eismann

Gaul²,

Wohlrab³

et al. 2011

Dermatology

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Red ear syndrome (RES) is characterized by the attack-like occurrence of erythema, edema and dysesthesia of one or less frequently both ears. We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with stabbing pain and marked erythema and discrete edema of one ear, existing for 4 months, occasionally accompanied by burning and local hyperhidrosis. Differential diagnoses such as perichondritis, contact dermatitis, erysipelas and other infections were ruled out. Based on her history, the clinical pattern and the unremarkable further diagnostics, we diagnosed RES. A review of the literature is included.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Ear Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Eismann

Gaul²,

Wohlrab³

et al. 2011

Dermatology

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“…The clinical use of great auricular nerve blockade is described for various surgical procedures [7,9,14,15] and pain conditions [3,8,16]. The conventional approach for great auricular nerve blockade is a landmark-based technique, where the injection point is determined by drawing lines between the superior margin of the cricoid cartilage and the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, with local anaesthetic subcutaneously injected at the intersection [5,8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conventional approach for great auricular nerve blockade is a landmark-based technique, where the injection point is determined by drawing lines between the superior margin of the cricoid cartilage and the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, with local anaesthetic subcutaneously injected at the intersection [5,8,9]. Interestingly, most descriptions of great auricular nerve blockade are in Table 1 Analysis of blocked areas (indicated by 'X') in each individual volunteer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven different sensory distribution patterns have been observed 10 min after blockade of the great auricular nerve. children [5,[7][8][9]15], whereas only a few cases are reported in adults [14]. Ultrasound guidance enables selective blockade of small nerve structures with minimal volumes of local anaesthetic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the published techniques are based on complete blockade of the superficial cervical plexus at the lateral border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle using large volumes of local anaesthetic agents [5][6][7]. Selective blockade of the great auricular nerve is described in a few publications [8,9], again using pure landmark-based techniques.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Great auricular nerve blockade using high resolution ultrasound: a volunteer study

et al. 2010

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SummaryThis prospective, observational volunteer study aimed to describe the appearance of the great auricular nerve using ultrasound and its blockade under ultrasound guidance. An in‐plane needle guidance technique was used for blockade of the great auricular nerve with 0.1 ml mepivacaine 1%. Sensory block was evaluated by pinprick testing in comparison with the contralateral area propriae. The great auricular nerve was successfully seen in all volunteers and the tail of the helix, antitragus, lobula and mandibular angle were blocked in all cases whereas the antihelix and concha were never blocked. Ultrasound imaging of the great auricular nerve can be reliably achieved and successful blockade with minimal volumes of local anaesthetic is another example of the benefits of ultrasound‐guided peripheral nerve blocks.

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Red Ear Syndrome

Raieli

Compagno²,

D’Amelio

2016

Curr Pain Headache Rep

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The Red Ear syndrome (RES) is an intriguing syndrome originally described for the first time nearly 20 years ago. RES is characterized by unilateral/bilateral episodes of pain and burning sensation of the ear, associated with ipsilateral erythema. RES episodes are indeed isolated in some patients, but they can occur in association with primary headaches, including in particular migraine in the developmental age. Although the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are still uncertain, in the recent years the described comorbidities have aroused increasing interest because of possible clinical implications. Moreover, RES seems to be more often associated with clinical features of migraine partially provoked by the involvement of the parasympathetic system. This clinical association has shed new light on the pathophysiology of RES, supporting the hypothesis of a shared pathophysiological background, for example, through the activation of the trigeminal autonomic reflex. Current therapies of RES will be also discussed. Finally, we will resume the more controversial aspects of this relatively new and probably underestimated neurological syndrome.

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Immediate Response to Greater Auricular Nerve Blockade in Red Ear Syndrome

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Red Ear Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Red Ear Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Great auricular nerve blockade using high resolution ultrasound: a volunteer study

Red Ear Syndrome

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