Immediate nipple reconstruction with thoracodorsal artery perforator flap in breast reconstruction by latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in patients with Poland's syndrome

Abstract

Loss of long-term projection is the major disadvantage of nipple reconstruction using local flaps. We report a technique of immediate perforator flap nipple reconstruction in breast reconstruction by latissimus dorsi (LD) myocutaneous flap in patients with Poland's syndrome. From March 2007 to July 2012, 12 female patients (age range, 15-21 years) underwent breast reconstructions and immediate nipple reconstructions. A thoracodorsal artery perforator (TAP) flap was simultaneously raised on the LD muscle flap and folded by itself to form the nipple. Both the LD flap and TAP flaps survived postoperatively. The nipple projection was measured by a caliper, and the average loss was 29% by the 1-year follow-up. Eleven patients considered the aesthetic appearance of reconstructed breast and nipple to be very good or good. The immediate nipple reconstruction with TAP flap could be safely performed and results in considerable satisfaction in breast reconstruction by LD myocutaneous flap in patients with Poland's syndrome.

Psychosocial Predictors and Outcomes of Delayed Breast Reconstruction in Mastectomized Women in Mainland China: An Observational Study

“…Patient satisfaction with BR is an issue of clinical interest. Objective assessment of aesthetic outcomes including breast size, shape, symmetry, skin color, and scarring, have been used in both Chinese and Western studies to determine the effectiveness of BR [ 23 – 25 ]. However, satisfaction from patient perspective is not on the basis of technical success of the surgery alone, but on a range of psychosocial factors and individual experience [ 26 ].…”

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Pedicled Perforator Flap Technique for Salvage Nipple Reconstruction in Breast Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study

“…Our results are consistent with previous studies that have reported high success rates and patient satisfaction with the pedicled perforator flap technique for initial nipple reconstruction. 18,19 The favorable outcomes and high patient satisfaction rates in this study suggest that this technique has the potential to become a preferred method for salvage nipple reconstruction.…”

Poland’s syndrome

“…Через 2 месяца был выполнен второй этап -удаление экспандера и установка имплантата необходимого размера. Данная мето-дика была применена у 12 пациенток в возрасте от 15 до 21 года, при этом хорошие и очень хорошие результаты были отмечены в 11 случаях [42].…”