Immediate effects on adult drinkers of exposure to alcohol harm reduction advertisements with and without drinking guideline messages: experimental study

Wakefield, Melanie; Brennan, Emily; Dunstone, Kimberley; Durkin, Sarah; Dixon, Helen; Pettigrew, Simone; Slater, Michael D.

doi:10.1111/add.14147

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“… 28 32 In their evaluation of a mass media campaign focussed on the link between alcohol and cancer, Dixon and colleagues 28 found that intentions to reduce the amount of alcohol consumed increased by between 3.4 and 10.5 percentage points from before to after the campaign (at first and second follow-up, respectively) among those who consumed more than two drinks per day, compared with a 5.2 percentage point difference in intentions to reduce the amount of alcohol consumed on each occasion between those exposed to PH and SAPRO ads in the current study. Similarly, in Wakefield et al ’s study in which the effects of exposure to two PH ads about either the short-term harms or long-term harms of alcohol were compared with a non-alcohol related advertising control condition, comparable effect sizes for the measure of intentions to avoid alcohol completely were observed as in our comparison of PH and SAPRO ads (5.1 percentage points in the current study compared with 6.4 to 7.3 percentage points for long-term harm ads, and 6.2 to 6.3 percentage points for the short-term harm ads in the Wakefield et al study 32 ). These comparisons further increase our confidence that the small effects observed in this study have practical significance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Open access that is, motivation and intentions to behave in ways that reduce alcohol-related harm. Given the lacklustre performance of industry-funded harm reduction advertisements in previous limited research testing their effectiveness 5 21-23 and recent evidence that well-designed PH advertisements can increase motivation and intentions to reduce alcohol consumption, [28][29][30][31][32] we hypothesised that compared with PH advertisements, alcohol harm reduction advertisements developed by alcohol industry SAPROs would be less effective at generating motivation to reduce alcohol consumption and to behave responsibly in relation to alcohol (H1) and less effective at producing intentions to reduce alcohol consumption over the next week (H2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing responses to public health and industry-funded alcohol harm reduction advertisements: an experimental study

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesConduct a head-to-head experimental test of responses to alcohol harm reduction advertisements developed by alcohol industry Social Aspects/Public Relations Organisations (SAPROs) versus those developed by public health (PH) agencies. We hypothesised that, on average, SAPRO advertisements would be less effective at generating motivation (H1) and intentions to reduce alcohol consumption (H2) but more effective at generating positive perceptions of people who drink (H3).DesignOnline experiment with random assignment to condition.Participants2923 Australian adult weekly drinkers (49% high-risk drinkers) recruited from an opt-in online panel.InterventionsParticipants viewed 3 of 83 advertisements developed by PH agencies (n=2174) or 3 of 28 advertisements developed by SAPROs (n=749).Primary outcome measuresParticipants reported their motivation to reduce the amount of alcohol consumed; behave responsibly and/or not get drunk; and limit their drinking around/never supply to minors, as well as intentions to avoid drinking alcohol completely; reduce the number of drinking occasions; and reduce the amount of alcohol consumed per occasion. Participants also reported their perceptions of people who drink alcohol on six success-related items and four fun-related items.ResultsCompared with drinkers exposed to PH advertisements, those exposed to SAPRO advertisements reported lower motivation to reduce the amount of alcohol consumed (β=−0.091, 95% CI −0.171 to −0.010), and lower odds of intending to avoid alcohol completely (OR=0.77, 0.63 to 0.94) and to reduce the amount of alcohol consumed per occasion (OR=0.82, 0.69 to 0.97). SAPRO advertisements generated more favourable fun-related perceptions of drinkers (β=0.095, 0.013 to 0.177).ConclusionsThe alcohol harm reduction advertisements produced by alcohol industry SAPROs that were tested in this study were not as effective at generating motivation and intentions to reduce alcohol consumption as those developed by PH organisations. These findings raise questions as to whether SAPROs should play a role in alcohol harm reduction efforts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing responses to public health and industry-funded alcohol harm reduction advertisements: an experimental study

et al. 2020

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“…For example, research suggests that drinkers would be receptive to and influenced by warning labels that inform them that alcohol is a carcinogen ( 45 – 47 ). In addition, mass media campaigns along the lines of those used in tobacco control have the potential to ensure consumers are informed of the harms associated with alcohol consumption ( 48 ). This is important in the face of ubiquitous alcohol advertising that depicts alcohol as a harmless product ( 12 , 13 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behind Closed Doors: The Priorities of the Alcohol Industry as Communicated in a Trade Magazine

Pettigrew

Hafekost

Jongenelis

et al. 2018

Front. Public Health

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Background: Efforts to reduce alcohol-related harm face strong resistance from the alcohol industry. It is important to monitor industry actions over time to assist in developing appropriate responses to this resistance. Monitoring can enable public health to identify industry positions on alcohol policy issues, stay abreast of current and emerging marketing tactics, and inform the development of possible counter-actions. One form of monitoring is the examination of industry trade publications where the industry converses with itself. The aim of this study was to assess industry strategic approaches as communicated in articles published in a leading Australian alcohol trade magazine to provide insights for policy makers and advocacy groups.Methods: Thematic analysis of 362 articles published in a trade magazine over a one-year period.Results: Three primary themes were evident in the articles: (1) the legitimization of alcohol as an important social and economic product, (2) the portrayal of the industry as trustworthy and benign, and (3) the strategic embedding of alcohol in various facets of everyday life.Conclusions: There was a general failure to acknowledge the substantial burden of disease caused by alcohol products, and instead much effort was expended on legitimizing the product and the companies responsible for its production, distribution, and promotion. The level of denial exhibited shows that additional regulation of the industry and its tactics will need to proceed without industry acceptance. Clear resistance to increasing consumer protections also points to the futility of inviting industry members to the policy table.

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“…Third, although the current study included multiple potential confounders in the analysis, there may be others that were not addressed and that could have affected the results, such as religiosity (34). Fourth, we measured the association of health awareness with alcohol consumption and acknowledge the theoretical and research literature that notes the limited evidence of a direct association between knowledge and behaviour (13,35). However, given the understanding of the necessity of awareness, ahead of change in attitudes, as well as the contradictory results found in linking awareness of long-term alcohol effects to alcohol consumption in previous research, we sought to contribute to the literature in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does knowing about the long-term health effects of alcohol matter? Evidence from a university sample in Lebanon

Khauli¹,

Ghandour²,

Anouti³

et al. 2021

East Mediterr Health J.

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Background: Research linking awareness of health effects of alcohol and harmful alcohol drinking status is limited. Aims: To investigate the association between awareness of long-term alcohol effects and alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Methods: University students aged 18-25 years (n = 1155) completed a self-filled survey. Participants were asked if they knew that alcohol causes: (1) problems in the liver; (2) cancers 1 / 12 WHO EMRO | Does knowing about the long-term health effects of alcohol matter? Evidence from a univer of the mouth, throat, oesophagus and breast; (3) damage to the heart; and (4) weakening of the immune system. Multinomial regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between awareness of long-term alcohol effects and alcohol drinking status, including Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) AUDs. Results: One third (32.8%) were past-year drinkers and 18% screened positive for DSM-5 AUDs. Compared to past-year drinkers with no AUD, non-past-year ever drinkers were twice as likely to know about the link between alcohol and cancers of the mouth, throat, oesophagus and breast. Past-year drinkers with an AUD were less likely to know about this association. Non-past-year ever drinkers (vs past-year drinkers with no AUD) were also 2.6 times more likely to know the alcohol liver risks. Conclusions: There is a strong inverse relationship between awareness of the effects of alcohol and harmful consumption among young people, providing preliminary support for the protective nature of knowledge on alcohol drinking status. Efforts to increase public awareness of the long-term health effects of alcohol may be useful in reducing alcohol-related harm.

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Immediate effects on adult drinkers of exposure to alcohol harm reduction advertisements with and without drinking guideline messages: experimental study

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Comparing responses to public health and industry-funded alcohol harm reduction advertisements: an experimental study

Comparing responses to public health and industry-funded alcohol harm reduction advertisements: an experimental study

Behind Closed Doors: The Priorities of the Alcohol Industry as Communicated in a Trade Magazine

Does knowing about the long-term health effects of alcohol matter? Evidence from a university sample in Lebanon

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