Immediate Effects of a Knee Brace with a Constraint to Knee Extension on Knee Kinematics and Ground Reaction Forces in a Stop-Jump Task

Yu, Bing; Herman, Daniel C.; Preston, Jennifer J.; Lu, William W.; Kirkendall, Donald T.; Garrett, William E.

doi:10.1177/0363546503262204

Cited by 56 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Our results support our first hypothesis that after ACL reconstruction, patients would increase their knee flexion angle at initial foot contact for selected functional activities while wearing the knee extension constraint brace. These results are consistent with those of previous studies for recreational athletes without ACL injuries [27,42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our results showed that after ACL reconstruction, patients decreased their peak posterior ground reaction force during level walking while wearing the knee extension constraint brace. These results are also consistent with those of previous studies for recreational athletes without ACL injuries [27,42]. However, our patients did not show a decrease in the peak posterior ground reaction force during jogging and stair descent while wearing the knee extension constraint brace.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Although the majority of injured athletes are able to return to preinjury competition levels after rehabilitation, their performances may be adversely affected [7]. In addition, these athletes still have a higher risk of ACL reinjury [10,13,32,33,36,37,40] and of having secondary knee disorders develop, such as osteoarthritis, chronic knee instability, and damage to menisci and chondral surfaces [10,16,24,42]. Enhanced rehabilitation techniques are needed to improve the outcome of the rehabilitation and quality of life of patients after ACL reconstruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A knee extension constraint brace has been designed and shown to be as effective in increasing knee flexion angle and decreasing peak posterior ground reaction force for subjects without lower extremity injuries during the landing of a stop-jump task [27,42]. Increasing knee flexion angle and decreasing peak posterior ground reaction force during landing may reduce the risk for noncontact ACL injuries [1,4,14,29,31,35,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing knee flexion angle and decreasing peak posterior ground reaction force during landing may reduce the risk for noncontact ACL injuries [1,4,14,29,31,35,42]. Therefore, this knee extension constraint brace may have potential as a rehabilitation tool to alter lower extremity movement patterns for patients after ACL reconstruction to address the high reinjury rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a Knee Extension Constraint Brace on Lower Extremity Movements after ACL Reconstruction

Stanley

Creighton

Gross

et al. 2011

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Patients have high reinjury rates after ACL reconstruction. Small knee flexion angles and large peak posterior ground reaction forces in landing tasks increase ACL loading. Questions/purposes We determined the effects of a knee extension constraint brace on knee flexion angle, peak posterior ground reaction force, and movement speed in functional activities of patients after ACL reconstruction. Patients and Methods Six male and six female patients 3.5 to 6.5 months after ACL reconstruction participated in the study. Three-dimensional videographic and force plate data were collected while patients performed level walking, jogging, and stair descent wearing a knee extension constraint brace, wearing a nonconstraint brace, and not wearing a knee brace. Knee flexion angle at initial foot contact with the ground, peak posterior ground reaction force, and movement speed were compared across brace conditions and between genders. Results Wearing the knee extension constraint brace increased the knee flexion angle at initial foot contact for each activity when compared with the other two brace conditions. Wearing the knee extension constraint brace also decreased peak posterior ground reaction force during walking but not during jogging and stair descent. Conclusions Although the knee extension constraint brace did not consistently reduce the peak posterior ground reaction force in all functional activities, it consistently increased knee flexion angle and should reduce ACL loading as suggested by previous studies. These results suggest the knee extension constraint brace has potential as a rehabilitation tool to alter lower extremity movement patterns of patients after ACL reconstruction to address high reinjury rates. Level of Evidence Level II, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of a Knee Extension Constraint Brace on Lower Extremity Movements after ACL Reconstruction

Stanley

Creighton

Gross

et al. 2011

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

Self Cite

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Functional knee brace use for 21 h leads to a longer duration to achieve peak vertical ground reaction forces and the removal of the brace after 17.5 h results in faster loading of the knee joint

Rishiraj,

Taunton,

Lloyd‐Smith

et al. 2024

Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc.

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PurposeTo investigate the landing strategies used after discontinuing and continuing the use of a functional knee brace (FKB) while performing a drop jump.MethodsFollowing published methodology and power analysis, 23 uninjured male athletes, mean age of 19.4 ± 3.0 years, performed seven tests, during three test conditions (nonbraced, braced and removed brace or continued brace use), over 6 days of 12 testing sessions (S) for a total of 38.5 h. Each subject was provided with a custom‐fitted FKB. This study focuses on the single leg drop jump kinetics during S12 when subjects were randomly selected to remove the FKB after 17.5 h or continued use of FKB. The time to peak vertical ground reaction forces (PVGRF) and PVGRF were recorded on landing in eight trials.ResultsAfter brace removal, a significantly shorter mean time to PVGRF was recorded (9.4 ± 22.9 msec (3.9%), p = 0.005, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): −168.1, 36.1), while continued brace use required a nonsignificant (n.s.) longer mean duration to achieve PVGRF (19.4 ± 53.6 msec (8.9%), n.s., 95% CI: −49.7, 73.4). No significant mean PVGRF difference was found in brace removal (25.3 ± 65.8 N) and continued brace use (25.1 ± 23.0 N).ConclusionRemoval of FKB after 17.5 h of use led to a significantly shorter time to achieve PVGRF, while continued brace use for 21 h required a longer duration to achieve PVGRF, suggesting faster and slower knee joint loading, respectively. Understanding the concerns associated with the use of FKB and the kinetics of the knee joint will assist clinicians in counselling athletes about the risks and benefits of using an FKB.Level of EvidenceLevel II.

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Functional bracing of ACL injuries: current state and future directions

Smith

LaPrade

Jansson

et al. 2013

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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Immediate Effects of a Knee Brace with a Constraint to Knee Extension on Knee Kinematics and Ground Reaction Forces in a Stop-Jump Task

Abstract: The specially designed knee brace may be a useful device in the prevention and rehabilitation of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in sports.

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of a Knee Extension Constraint Brace on Lower Extremity Movements after ACL Reconstruction

Effects of a Knee Extension Constraint Brace on Lower Extremity Movements after ACL Reconstruction

Functional knee brace use for 21 h leads to a longer duration to achieve peak vertical ground reaction forces and the removal of the brace after 17.5 h results in faster loading of the knee joint

Functional bracing of ACL injuries: current state and future directions

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