Immediate and Sustained Root Caries Prevention of Fluoride Varnish Combined with Toothpastes

Zamperini, Camila Andrade; Bedran-Russo, Ana K.

doi:10.1159/000533279

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…In vitro studies such as that conducted by Zamperini and Bedran-Russo 2 are important early stages in the development of new preventive strategies to augment the existing body of evidence in this area and it is important that they are conducted to the highest standards so that subsequent clinical studies are as unbiased as possible 3 . However, to date there has been little guidance regarding the appraisal of in vitro studies 3 .…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate and sustained root caries prevention of fluoride varnish combined with toothpastes: findings of clinical relevance?

Quinn,

Duane

2024

Evid Based Dent

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Design An in vitro study to determine the immediate and sustained effect of fluoride varnish and its combination with fluoride toothpastes in preventing the development of root caries. Case selection Human root dentine samples (150) were randomly divided into five experimental protocols of 30 specimens each: 1) fluoride varnish (22,600 ppm fluoride and 1–5% CPP-ACP); 2) fluoride varnish followed by Paste One (1100 ppm sodium fluoride and CPP-ACP); 3) fluoride varnish followed by Paste Plus (900 ppm sodium fluoride and CPP-ACP); 4) fluoride varnish followed by Paste One and Paste Plus; and 5) no treatment (control). A layer of varnish was applied to specimens except the control group and was left in situ for 18 h. The varnish layer was removed, and the various toothpaste treatments were initiated. Half of the specimens in each group were assigned to a short-term incubation model in which they were immediately subjected to a 7-day cariogenic challenge consisting of a combination of human saliva and artificial saliva containing 2% sucrose. The other half of the specimens in each group were assigned to the long-term incubation model in which the experimental protocol was continued for 8 weeks before initiating the seven-day cariogenic challenge. The protocols were evaluated by assessing dentine porosity (rhodamine intensity), mineral density, biofilm biomass, and viability assays. Data analysis Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to determine dentine porosity and Levene’s test was used to verify the assumption of equality of variances and normal distribution of errors before two-way ANOVA and the Games-Howell test were carried out at a significance level of 0.05 for both incubation models. Microcomputed tomography was used to determine mineral density with statistical analysis involving Levene’s test, two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test at a significance level of 0.05 for both incubation models. Biomass was evaluated using a biofilm biomass assay with analysis of optical density data using Levene’s test, ANOVA and Scheffe’s test at a significance level of 0.05. Results For both the short- and long-term incubation models, all the experimental regimes resulted in a statistically significant decrease in dentine porosity and an increase in mineral density when compared to the control group. Fluoride varnish followed by both pastes and fluoride varnish followed by Paste One resulted in a statistically significant decrease in dentine porosity for some depths in both models when compared to fluoride varnish alone. Changes in dentine porosity and mineral density were observed within groups over time. All the experimental regimes demonstrated anti-biofilm effects. Immediate and sustained anti-caries effects were observed for all preventive protocols, with the combination of fluoride varnish and Paste One resulting in superior additional anti-caries effects. Conclusions The authors concluded that all protocols demonstrated immediate and sustained anti-caries effects against the development of root caries despite variations in effects over time. The combination of fluoride varnish and Paste One resulted in additional anti-caries effects that were consistently superior, with no additional effects being observed when Paste Plus was added in combination. The authors suggest that, within the study’s limitations, topical fluoride varnish seems to have a protective effect on root surfaces for up to eight weeks and that fluoride varnish should be considered as an important adjunct strategy in the prevention of root caries in older adults.

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Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%