Immediate and Short-Term Biologic Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Normal Skin

Parrish, John A.; Anderson, R. R.; Urbach, Frederick; Pitts, Donald G.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2475-1_6

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

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“…Within solar radiation at the surface of the earth, UVB rays are generally responsible for erythema of human skin, UVA rays being considered as pigmentogenic. Combining the relative amount of energy from different wavelengths of sunlight and erythema action spectrum, one can deduct the erythemal effectiveness of sunlight (Parrish et al, 1978). The maximum of the efficacy is at 300 nm (Fig.…”

Section: Erythema and Pigmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo‐Induced Events in the Human Melanocytic System: Photoaggression and Photoprotection

Césarini

1988

Pigment Cell Research

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The human skin is submitted to solar, essentially ultraviolet radiation (UVR), aggressions, and develops, for sufficient doses, erythema and pigmentation. The individual sun-sensitivity depends on the nature and the quantity of melanins present in the epidermis. These parameters are inherited as genetic traits which account for the large variations of the constitutive and adaptive pigmentation encountered in the caucasian populations. From red-haired skin-sensitive individuals, to dark-haired sun-resistant individuals, phaeomelanins (red) and eumelanins (black) are mixed in variable proportions. Pure melanins extracted from red hairs and black hairs behave differently when submitted to ultraviolet radiations: phaeomelanins develop aggressive species of molecules responsible for DNA damages, mutations, and cell death. On the contrary, eumelanins are less toxic for the major cellular metabolisms. The sun-sensitive populations suffer from more skin cancer of all types than the dark ones. In particular, they are exposed significantly to higher risk of melanoma and to the risk of bearing more nevi following large solar exposures early in the life.

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Section: Erythema and Pigmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo‐Induced Events in the Human Melanocytic System: Photoaggression and Photoprotection

Césarini

1988

Pigment Cell Research

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Ultraviolet irradiances of various lamps used in animal husbandry

Gehrmann

1987

Zoo Biology

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Contrasting action of flavonoids on phototoxic effects induced in human skin fibroblasts by UVA alone or UVA plus cyamemazine, a phototoxic neuroleptic

Filipe

Silva

Haigle

et al. 2005

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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The potential protective effects of the flavanol catechin, the flavonol quercetin, the flavones, luteolin and rutin, and the isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, against the photo-oxidative stress induced by ultraviolet A radiation (UVA) and by phototoxic reactions resulting from the interaction of UVA with drugs and chemicals, has been assessed with cultured human skin fibroblasts. Lipid peroxidation and cell death have been chosen as model photobiological damage induced by UVA alone or photosensitized by cyamemazine (CMZ) and its photoproduct possessing phototoxic properties. Contrasting effects of flavonoids are observed. The flavanol, the flavonol and the flavones may protect against lipid peroxidation and cell death induced by 30 J cm(-2) of UVA alone or CMZ plus 10 J cm(-2) UVA. On the other hand, an amplification of the photodamage may be observed with isoflavones. A concentration-dependence study demonstrates that among the protective flavonoids, quercetin is the most efficient. The very effective protection brought by quercetin may result from its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species produced by the photo-oxidative stress. However, the modification of membrane properties and the alteration of the lysosomal function by quercetin may not be neglected in these protective effects. The amplification of the photodamage by isoflavones is in sharp contrast with previous literature data demonstrating photoprotection by genistein. As a consequence, it may be concluded that an eventual antioxidant action of genistein may strongly depend on cells and photosensitizers. Furthermore such contrasting pro-versus anti-oxidant effects have to be taken into account when using flavonoid mixtures of plant extracts.

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Immediate and Short-Term Biologic Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Normal Skin

Cited by 7 publications

References 74 publications

Photo‐Induced Events in the Human Melanocytic System: Photoaggression and Photoprotection

Photo‐Induced Events in the Human Melanocytic System: Photoaggression and Photoprotection

Ultraviolet irradiances of various lamps used in animal husbandry

Contrasting action of flavonoids on phototoxic effects induced in human skin fibroblasts by UVA alone or UVA plus cyamemazine, a phototoxic neuroleptic

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