Immediate and prolonged effects of cortisol, but not propranolol, on memory retrieval in healthy young men

Tollenaar, Marieke S.; Elzinga, Bernet M.; Spinhoven, Philip; Everaerd, Walter

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2008.08.002

Cited by 92 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In order to test the first possibility, we previously studied the immediate and prolonged effects of both cortisol and propranolol administration on declarative memory retrieval. We found that declarative memory can be impaired long-term when memories are reactivated during high levels of stress (Tollenaar et al 2008b) or after cortisol administration (Tollenaar et al 2008c), in line with animal research (Cai et al 2006;Maroun and Akirav 2007). In contrast, we did not find any immediate or long-term effects of propranolol on declarative memory after reactivation (Tollenaar et al 2008c), which is consistent with findings by de Quervain et al (2007).…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Cortisol on the other hand, was given in lower doses in the clinical studies by Aerni et al (2004) and Schelling et al (2004), but the doses were given daily instead of once, leading to active cortisol during potentially multiple memory reactivations. While in the present study the dose may have been too low or shortacting to obtain reductions in physiological arousal in response to personalized scripts, in the same population as the present study, we did find long-term impairing effects of the 35-mg cortisol dose on declarative memory retrieval (Tollenaar et al 2008c). Taken together, this might lead to the possibility that cortisol only affects declarative memory retrieval and not the physiologically arousing components of the memory.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…Although DBP also showed a time by group interaction [F(2, 125)=4.15, p<0.02], post hoc t test revealed no significantly lower DBP at any of the time points (all ps>0.09). Propranolol also slightly increased free saliva cortisol over time compared to the control group [F(2, 94)= 12.74, p<0.001] (see Tollenaar et al 2008c).…”

Section: Treatment Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eighty-five Dutch male students were recruited through advertisements at colleges and the Leiden University as part of a larger study on memory for which results will be presented elsewhere (Tollenaar et al 2008c). Only men were selected because of possible confounding effects of menstrual cycle and contraceptive pills on the relation of cortisol and propranolol treatment with memory (Cahill and van Stegeren 2003;Kuhlmann and Wolf 2005).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Psychophysiological responding to emotional memories in healthy young men after cortisol and propranolol administration

et al. 2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale Propranolol is found to reduce physiological hyper-responsiveness in post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), possibly by affecting reconsolidation after the reactivation of traumatic memories. Cortisol is found to attenuate declarative memory retrieval, but it is unknown whether it also reduces physiological responses to emotional memories. Objectives To examine whether the effects of propranolol on physiological responding to emotional memories can also be found in healthy controls and to investigate the immediate and prolonged effects of cortisol on physiological responding to emotional memories, we tested these effects in 79 healthy young men. Materials and methods After preparing a script of a negative disturbing memory, participants were instructed to imagine this event 1 week later after ingestion of either 35 mg cortisol, 80 mg propranolol, or a placebo. Physiological responding to the script-driven imagery was recorded. Another week later, after washout, the imagery was repeated again. During all three sessions as well as 8 months later, subjective emotional reactions to the memories were assessed. ResultsThe emotionality of the memories was reduced over time, which was not affected by the treatments, however. The personal emotional script did evoke higher skin conductance responses than a neutral story, which decreased 1 week later, but no effects were found of either propranolol or cortisol on this responsiveness. Conclusions Whereas healthy males do show psychophysiological responding to personal emotional scripts, the effects of cortisol and propranolol on physiological responses to emotional memories might be specific to clinical groups characterized by hyper-responsiveness, like PTSD. Future studies using longer-acting doses and more elaborate reactivation procedures in both healthy men and women could shed more light on the effects of cortisol and propranolol on psychophysiological responding to emotional memories.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Treatment Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Psychophysiological responding to emotional memories in healthy young men after cortisol and propranolol administration

et al. 2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…54 participants who were part of a larger study (see for more details Tollenaar et al, 2009) were included and randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group in a double blind placebo-controlled between-subjects design. All participants were screened before inclusion.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocortisone reduces emotional distracter interference in working memory

Oei

Tollenaar

Spinhoven

et al. 2009

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effect of a Brief Memory Updating Intervention on Smoking Behavior

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCE Recent research on addiction-related memory processes suggests that protracted extinction training following brief cue-elicited memory retrieval (ie, retrieval-extinction [R-E] training) can attenuate/eradicate the ability of cues to elicit learned behaviors. One study reported that cue-elicited craving among detoxified heroin addicts was substantially attenuated following R-E training and through 6-month follow-up. OBJECTIVE To build on these impressive findings by examining whether R-E training could attenuate smoking-related craving and behavior. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective, mixed-design, human laboratory randomized clinical trial took place between December 2013 and September 2015. Participants were recruited in Charleston, South Carolina. Study sessions took place at the Medical University of South Carolina. The participants were 168 screened volunteer smokers, of whom 88 were randomized; 72 of these 88 participants (81.8%) attended all the follow-up sessions through 1 month. The primary eligibility criteria were current nicotine dependence (DSM criteria), smoking 10 or more cigarettes per day, and a willingness to attempt smoking cessation. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomly assigned to receive either smoking-related memory retrieval followed by extinction training (the R-E group) or nonsmoking-related retrieval followed by extinction training (the NR-E group). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcomes were cue-elicited craving and physiological responding to familiar and novel cues in the R-E group vs the NR-E group over a 1-month follow-up period. Secondary outcomes were smoking-related behaviors. RESULTS A total of 44 participants were randomly assigned to the R-E group (mean age, 48.3 years; 72.7% male); a total of 44 participants were randomly assigned to the NR-E group, with 43 attending at least 1 training session (mean age, 46.7 years; 55.8% male). The mean craving response to both familiar and novel smoking cues was significantly lower for participants in the R-E group than for participants in the NR-E group at 1-month follow-up (for both cue types: t1225 = 2.1, P = .04, d = 0.44, and Δ = 0.47 [95% CI, 0.04–0.90]). The mean numbers of cigarettes smoked per day at 2 weeks and 1-month were significantly lower for the R-E group than for the NR-E group (treatment main effect: F1,68 = 5.4, P = .02, d = 0.50, and Δ = 2.4 [95% CI, 0.4–4.5]). Significant differences in physiological responses, urine cotinine level, number of days abstinent, lapse, and relapse were not observed between groups (all between P = .06 and .75). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Retrieval-extinction training substantially attenuated craving to both familiar and novel smoking cues and reduced the number of cigarettes smoked per day by participants 1 month after treatment relative to extinction training alone. Between-group differences were not observed for physiological responses, cotinine level, number of days abstinent, relapse, or lapse. In summary, R-E training is a brief behavio...

show abstract

Immediate and prolonged effects of cortisol, but not propranolol, on memory retrieval in healthy young men

Cited by 92 publications

References 68 publications

Psychophysiological responding to emotional memories in healthy young men after cortisol and propranolol administration

Psychophysiological responding to emotional memories in healthy young men after cortisol and propranolol administration

Hydrocortisone reduces emotional distracter interference in working memory

Effect of a Brief Memory Updating Intervention on Smoking Behavior

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About