Immediate and Long-Term Mental Health Outcomes in Adolescent Female Rape Survivors

Oshodi, Yewande; Macharia, Muiruri; Lachman, Anusha; Seedat, Soraya

doi:10.1177/0886260516682522

Cited by 41 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These women reported greater levels of body shame than both nonvictims and women reporting earlier victimization (between age 14 and the past year). The experience of negative mental health symptoms within a year after rape was consistent with other findings (Oshodi et al, 2017) in which symptoms (e.g., anxiety and depression) lasted at relatively stable levels when measured over the course of six time periods within about a year following rape (within 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Not Just Right Experiences in Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Schmidt¹,

Stasik-O’Brien²

2017

PsiChiJournal

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ABOUT PSI CHI Psi Chi is the International Honor So ci ety in Psychology, found ed in 1929. Its mission: "recognizing and promoting excellence in the science and application of psy chol ogy." (Note. Our new mission statement is available at http://www.psichi.org/?page=purpose) Mem ber ship is open to undergraduates, graduate students, faculty, and alumni mak ing the study of psy chol ogy one of their major interests and who meet Psi Chi's min i mum qual i fi ca tions. Psi Chi is a member of the As so cia tion of Col lege Honor So ci et ies (ACHS), and is an affiliate of the Ameri can Psy cho logi cal As so cia tion (APA) and the Association for Psy cho log i cal Science (APS). Psi Chi's sister honor society is Psi Beta, the na tion al honor society in psychology for com mu nity and junior colleges. Psi Chi functions as a federation of chap ters located at over 1,130 senior col leg es and universities around the world. The Psi Chi Central Office is lo cat ed in Chatta nooga, Ten nessee. A Board of Directors, com posed of psy chol o gy faculty who are Psi Chi members and who are elect ed by the chapters, guides the affairs of the Or ga ni za tion and sets pol i cy with the ap prov al of the chap ters. Psi Chi membership provides two major opportunities. The first of these is ac a dem ic rec og ni tion to all in duc tees by the mere fact of mem ber ship. The sec ond is the opportunity of each of the Society's local chapters to nourish and stim u late the pro fes sion al growth of all members through fellowship and activities de signed to augment and en hance the reg u lar cur ric u lum. In addition, the Or ga ni za tion provides programs to help achieve these goals including con ven tions, research awards and grants competitions, and publication opportunities. JOURNAL PURPOSE STATEMENT The twofold purpose of the Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research is to foster and reward the scholarly efforts of psychology students as well as to provide them with a valuable learning experience. The articles pub lished in the Journal represent the work of under graduates, graduate students, and faculty. To further support authors and enhance Journal visibility, articles are now available in the PsycINFO®, EBSCO®, and Crossref® databases. In 2016, the Journal also became open access (i.e., free online to all readers and authors) to broad en the dissemination of research across the psychological science community.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Not Just Right Experiences in Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Schmidt¹,

Stasik-O’Brien²

2017

PsiChiJournal

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“…Regarding the time of the initial assessment, only Mouilso et al [23] prospectively assessed participants prior to the sexual assault. The other nine assessed participants at various time-frames post assault -within one week (Herbert et al [21]), 12 days (Rothbaum et al [27]), two weeks (Oshodi et al [26]), four weeks (Darves-Barnoz et al [18], Mutavi et al, 2017 [24], Mutavi et al, 2018 (majority of participants within one month) [25]), six weeks (Elklit et al [19], Khadr et al [22]) or within a variable timeframe (46% of the sample within 8-10 weeks post-assault (Feiring et al [20]).…”

Section: Baseline Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five studies evaluated whether participants met DSM criteria for psychiatric disorders at various time points (DSM III (Darves-Bornoz et al [18]), DSM III-R (Rothbaum et al [27]), and DSM IV (Elklit et al [19], Mouilso et al [23], Mutavi et al 2017 [24]). Oshodi et al [26] measured prevalence of psychiatric disorders (DSM III-R) at enrolment only. Khadr et al [22] measured prevalence of psychiatric disorders at one time point only (DSM-IV-TR).…”

Section: Psychiatric Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of short and medium-term mental health outcomes in young people following sexual assault

MacGregor

Villalta

Clarke³

et al. 2019

Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health

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A systematic review of short and medium-term mental health outcomes in young people following sexual assault Introduction Sexual assault is common worldwide, peaking in mid-to-late adolescence. Global estimates for women having ever experienced non-partner sexual violence were 7.2% in 2010, with the highest rates of up to 21% of women in areas of Sub-Saharan Africa [1]. Intimate partner sexual violence against women is also common worldwide, with prevalence varying by countryfrom 5%, to up to 69% of women having ever experienced this form of sexual violence [2]. Adolescents are the group at the highest risk of sexual assault in the UK [3] with 17.8% of females aged 18-24 disclosing previous sexual abuse [4]. Figures globally appear similar, with 17.4% of females and 4.2% of males from age 1 month to 17 years experiencing sexual assault at some time in the USA [5], and 14.61% of females and 9.99% of males aged 15-17 reporting lifetime sexual victimization in South Africa [6]. Associations between sexual abuse and adverse psychiatric outcomes have long been reported in the literature, with the strongest evidence for links with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), eating disorders, and suicide attempts [7-11]. However, the cross-sectional design of most studies limits the inferences that can be drawn from the results. This also makes it difficult to distinguish between the acute consequences of an index assault, lifetime psychiatric outcomes, and the progress of symptoms over time. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review to evaluate the evidence around short and medium-term (i.e. within three years of assault) mental health outcomes in young people sexually assaulted between the ages of 10 and 24 years. Methods The protocol for this review was developed by clinicians and academics working in the fields of child and adolescent psychiatry, adolescent medicine, and sexual assault. The reporting of results was based on the guidelines provided by the Meta-analyses and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies group (MOOSE guidelines) [12]. Study question What are the short and medium-term effects on mental health of sexual assault between the ages of 10 and 24 years? Databases and search strategies Five databases (Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (Ebscohost), OpenGrey, and PsycINFO were searched on the 30 th of October 2013 by two reviewers. This search was updated in 2016 and again in November 2018, using Medline and Embase databases only.

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“…SV, in general, and rape specifically lead to both mental and physical health problems–including unintended pregnancy,[11–13] substance and alcohol use, and several psychological distress/ psychiatric morbidities, such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and suicide. [14] These sequelae increase risk behavior and other vulnerabilities, including staying in abusive intimate relationships, which place women and their children at risk of violence in the future. [10] Sexual violence and rape are also associated with the acquisition of STIs[15,16] including HIV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of rape and sexual violence in the platinum mining district of Rustenburg, South Africa: Prevalence, and factors associated with sexual violence

et al. 2019

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Background Estimates for the prevalence of rape and other forms of sexual violence (SV) vary in South Africa. This survey aimed to provide clarity by quantifying the prevalence of SV (forced sex or sexual acts) by 1) sexual partners, and 2) non-partners, and to describe factors associated with these outcomes among women (18–49 years) living in Rustenburg Municipality. Materials and methods We conducted a cluster-randomized household survey (November—December 2015). Women were asked about their experiences of SV, associated attitudes and behaviours, and access to services. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with partner and non-partner SV. Results Of eligible households, 83·1% (1700/2044) participated. Of 966 women invited, 836 participated (86·5%). Average age of participants was 31.6 years (95%CI: 30·9, 32·4) with 45% having completed at least secondary school, and 60% unemployed or looking for work. Lifetime prevalence of SV was 24.9% (95%CI: 21·7–28·5), reaching 9.0% (95% CI: 6·6–12·1) by age 15. Almost one third told no one of their SV experiences. Factors related to financial dependence were associated with SV by a partner. History of termination of pregnancy increased the likelihood of SV by a non-partner as an adult. Women who experienced SV in childhood or as an adult were more likely to experience SV from a different type of perpetrator than those who did not. Conclusions We found a high prevalence of SV, including during childhood, in this setting, with limited access to care. This and the high morbidity attributed to SV calls for increased service provision.

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Immediate and Long-Term Mental Health Outcomes in Adolescent Female Rape Survivors

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

Not Just Right Experiences in Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Not Just Right Experiences in Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

A systematic review of short and medium-term mental health outcomes in young people following sexual assault

The epidemiology of rape and sexual violence in the platinum mining district of Rustenburg, South Africa: Prevalence, and factors associated with sexual violence

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