“…They have several advantages compared to commercial organic solvents (Mutelet & Jaubert, 2006), or electrolyte liquids (Plechkova & Seddon, 2008) since they are liquid over a wide temperature range, easy to recycle, noncombustible , non-flammable (Saruwatari, 2010), display wide electrochemical windows (Giroud, 2008), high inherent conductivities (Stracke, 2009), have negligible vapor pressure (Endres, 2008), high thermal (Wasserschied & Welton, 2007) and electrochemical stability (Arnold, 2004), tuneable physicochemical properties (Koel, 2008) and lack of reactivity in various electrochemical or industrial applications (Seddon, 2003). Therefore ILs have been intensively studied recently as novel, much safer electrolyte materials (Sakaebe, 2007) for electrochemical devices (Ohno 2005) and energy storing devices, such as Li batteries for cellular phones (Xu, 2006), batteries for vehicles, fuel cells, supercapacitors (Sato, 2004), solar cells (Stathatos, 2005.…”