Imidazolium-based ionic liquids as co-surfactants in aqueous micellar two-phase systems composed of nonionic surfactants and their aptitude for recovery of natural colorants from fermented broth

Abstract

A B S T R A C TOver the last few years, synthetic colorants have been increasingly replaced by natural alternatives that cause fewer adverse health effects and can show biological activity. These biocompounds can be produced by fermentative processes using microorganisms such as bacteria and filamentous fungi. However, the biocompounds must be extracted from the fermented broth before industrial application. Thus, the development of effective techniques for the extraction and purification of biocolorants with high recovery is of great interest. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the recovery of natural colorants produced by Talaromyces amestolkiae using aqueous micellar two-phase system (AMTPS) composed of Triton X-114 and Ionic Liquids (ILs) from the imidazolium family as co-surfactants. Preliminary experiments were performed to determine the binodal curves in both presence and absence of fermented broth containing the red colorants. Subsequently, a set of partitioning experiments was performed using the developed systems. Under all conditions, the red colorants were partitioned mainly into the micelle-rich phase. The systems with low concentrations of Triton X-114 and ILs showed high partition coefficients. The system (0.1 wt% [C 10 mim]Cl + 3 wt% Triton X-114) with the highest partition coefficient (K RC = 6.12) was used to study the effect of temperature on partitioning. The partitioning of the red colorants was strongly influenced by the temperature, and K RC increased to 24.71 at 45°C. The results of this study demonstrate that the partitioning of biomolecules can be controlled by the presence of ILs, mainly by electrostatic interactions, or by the proper adjustment of the partitioning temperature.

Unravelling the Interactions between Surface-Active Ionic Liquids and Triblock Copolymers for the Design of Thermal Responsive Systems

“…[Cnmim]Cl family with n < 8, for which the cloud point increased with the decrease of the SAIL alkyl side chain length. 30,31,56 The experimental cloud point conditions shown in Figure 8 were reproduced by MD simulations to analyse the thermo-response behaviour of these Pluronic/SAIL mixtures. The Pluronic concentration was 1 wt% since the experimental results exhibited the greater effect with a SAIL concentration of 0.3 wt%.…”

Surface active fatty acid ILs: Influence of the hydrophobic tail and/or the imidazolium hydroxyl functionalization on aggregates formation

“…Therefore, understanding the micellization behavior of ILs in aqueous solution is a vital part of predicting, controlling, and designing their properties and finally their applications. In this regard, the IL micellar systems were studied in various areas such as nanomaterials formation [29], organic synthesis [30], micellar catalysis [31], micellar extraction [32,33], drug delivery [34], and antimicrobial activity [25,35].…”

Switchable deep eutectic solvent driven micellar extractive fermentation of ultrapure fibrin digesting enzyme from Bacillus subtilis

“…The extraction of products into the solvent-rich phase due to its affinity to the solvent infiltrates the microbial cells and substrates into the raffinate phase making it a superior technique compared to conventional separation methods 12 – 15 . Earlier investigation reported the usage of neoteric solvents such as ionic liquids and deep eutectics as the most effective phase-forming components in the purification of therapeutic enzymes 16 – 19 . However, the hydrophilicity of these solvents alleviates the demand for higher concentrations, posing potential challenges in making the process viable on a large scale 20 .…”