“…Drugs that inhibit pathways underlying contraction promote relaxation of pre-constricted airways [150,155,162,168,178,180,[203][204][205][206][207], and testing of selective molecules that either elicit or enhance bronchodilation have been used in PCLS [81,[208][209][210][211][212]. Other non-canonical pathways have also been targeted to reverse, or inhibit, airway contraction (specific studies listed in Table 4) [155,165,202,[213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228]. Compounds targeting orphan, or non-β 2 receptors, can serve as new classes of bronchodilators, or have been suggested to be useful as add-on therapy for existing therapeutics [164,165,[214][215][216][217][218][219]…”