“…In the Northern Hemisphere a positive (negative) B y will cause a displacement of the reconnection region so that the newly opened flux tubes are transported towards dawn (dusk), and oppositely for the Southern Hemisphere (e.g., Cowley et al, 1991). This B y influence is also reflected in the convection in the lobes (Gosling et al, 1984(Gosling et al, , 1985Noda et al, 2003;Haaland et al, 2008), the ecliptic plane Baumjohann et al, , 1986Maynard et al, 1990;Matsui et al, 2005), and in the polar cap ionosphere (Ruohoniemi and Baker, 1998;Förster et al, 2007;Haaland et al, 2007). In the Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.…”