Imaging with^99mTc ECDG Targeted at the Multifunctional Glucose Transport System: Feasibility Study with Rodents

Abstract

There are similarities between (99m)Tc ECDG uptake and (18)F FDG uptake in tumors, and study findings supported the potential use of (99m)Tc ECDG as a functional imaging agent.

Gd3+-DTPA-DG: novel nanosized dual anticancer and molecular imaging agent

“…3 With this in mind, Yang et al developed an alternative ( 99m Tc ethylenedicysteine-deoxyglucose) to 18 FDG which has been successfully examined in animal models, and is currently undergoing final multicenter clinical trials where it has also had some success (see Figure 1). 3,4 Even though 99m Tc has some important advantages, such as a longer halflife (six hours), lower costs, and greater availability than 18 F, it is also radioactive and consumes charges during the imaging procedure. The chemistry of 99m Tc is also complicated and requires many intermediate conditions, such as the addition and/or adjustment of reducing agents, pH, and coligands.…”

“…Various doses of DTPA-DG were intravenously injected into rats (six rats per group), and changes in the blood glucose level were determined and compared with those in the control groups, including insulin (glucose-lowering agent [negative control]), glucosamine (glucose-increasing agent [positive control]), and normal (the group that did not receive any compound), 3 because when presenting a glucose moiety …”

“…DTPA-DG also has an amino group at this position in its glucose moiety. 3,4 The molecular structure of glucosamine has several structural features, including amino, acetyl, and carboxyl groups at key positions that, on mediation by N-acetylglucosamine transferase in the nucleolemma, facilitate its entry into tumor cell nuclei, reflecting tumor cell proliferation. In summary, glucosamine is a highly attractive scaffold for a glucosyl ligand because the amine acts both as a potential coordination site and as a useful target for further functionalization.…”

“…There are also a variety of signal amplification schemes based on chemical exchanges that increase sensitivity. [3][4][5][6] Furthermore, MRI enables the acquisition of high resolution, three-dimensional images of the distribution of water in vivo. These images are enhanced by the use of contrast agents that catalytically decrease the relaxation time of protons in water in coordination, with a paramagnetic metal center.…”

“…The most commonly used compounds for contrast enhancement are gadolinium-based. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The present paper is the first to describe a new molecular gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent as an alternative to 18 FDG that has no radioactive half-life, good availability, reasonable costs, good anticancer effects, with fewer adverse effects on normal human kidneys and powerful precision in MRI oncology and cancer detection at the earliest stages (in brief, a novel bifunctional agent).…”