Imaging Tumors of the Pediatric Central Nervous System

Paldino, Michael J.; Faerber, Eric N.; Poussaint, Tina Young

doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2011.05.011

Cited by 23 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…P ediatric brain tumor is one of the most devastating diseases among children, with an annual incidence of approximately three per 100 000 (1). In vivo assessment of pediatric brain tumors is commonly performed with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, which involves acquiring T2-weighted, fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR), perfusion (eg, cerebral blood volume), and diffusion-weighted images together with unenhanced and contrast material-enhanced images to evaluate the location, extent, morphologic characteristics, angiogenesis, and cellularity of the tumor (2).…”

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vivo assessment of pediatric brain tumors is commonly performed with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, which involves acquiring T2-weighted, fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR), perfusion (eg, cerebral blood volume), and diffusion-weighted images together with unenhanced and contrast material-enhanced images to evaluate the location, extent, morphologic characteristics, angiogenesis, and cellularity of the tumor (2). Differentiating among lowand high-grade pediatric brain tumors with structural images that are based on T1-or T2-weighted contrast can be challenging because their signal intensity characteristics overlap (1,3). The use of semiquantitative perfusion imaging can considerably improve differentiation of low-and high-grade tumors with good sensitivity (eg, .…”

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With its ability to probe tissue cellularity, the use of diffusion imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was also attempted to distinguish low-from high-grade brain tumors (9-13). However, its clinical acceptance is limited because of substantial overlap of ADC values among different tumor grades for both adult and pediatric patients (1,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). In addition, in some common locations (eg, the brain stem) of pediatric brain tumors, tumor grading D = 38.6 msec; duration of each diffusion gradient, d = 32.2 msec; field of view, 22 cm; section thickness, 5 mm; matrix size, 128 3 128; and imaging time, 3 minutes.…”

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method assumes that the probability of being a high-grade tumor (P 0 ) follows the logistic model P 0 = exp (a 0 + a 1 …”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differentiation of Low- and High-Grade Pediatric Brain Tumors with Highb-Value Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging and a Fractional Order Calculus Model

Sui¹,

Wang

Liu

et al. 2015

Radiology

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).q RSNA, 2015 Purpose:To demonstrate that a new set of parameters (D, b, and m) from a fractional order calculus (FROC) diffusion model can be used to improve the accuracy of MR imaging for differentiating among low-and high-grade pediatric brain tumors. Materials and Methods:The institutional review board of the performing hospital approved this study, and written informed consent was obtained from the legal guardians of pediatric patients. Multi-b-value diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed in 67 pediatric patients with brain tumors. Diffusion coefficient D, fractional order parameter b (which correlates with tissue heterogeneity), and a microstructural quantity m were calculated by fitting the multi-b-value diffusion-weighted images to an FROC model. D, b, and m values were measured in solid tumor regions, as well as in normal-appearing gray matter as a control. These values were compared between the lowand high-grade tumor groups by using the Mann-Whitney U test. The performance of FROC parameters for differentiating among patient groups was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results:None of the FROC parameters exhibited significant differences in normal-appearing gray matter (P  .24), but all showed a significant difference (P , . Conclusion:The FROC parameters can be used to differentiate between low-and high-grade pediatric brain tumor groups. The combination of FROC parameters or individual parameters may serve as in vivo, noninvasive, and quantitative imaging markers for classifying pediatric brain tumors.q RSNA, 2015

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Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method assumes that the probability of being a high-grade tumor (P 0 ) follows the logistic model P 0 = exp (a 0 + a 1 …”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Differentiation of Low- and High-Grade Pediatric Brain Tumors with Highb-Value Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging and a Fractional Order Calculus Model

Sui¹,

Wang

Liu

et al. 2015

Radiology

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“…Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis refers to the infiltration of the leptomeninges by neoplastic cells from a CNS or extraneural primary neoplasm, and it carries a grave prognosis . In the pediatric population, brain tumors and hematologic malignancies are the usual suspects . Medulloblastoma has great propensity for leptomeningeal seeding.…”

Section: Neoplastic Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Nerve Root Enhancement on MRI Scans in Children: A Review

Kontzialis

Poretti

Michell

et al. 2015

Journal of Neuroimaging

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Spinal nerve root enhancement in pediatric patients is generally nonspecific, and clinical and laboratory correlation is essential. Nerve root enhancement indicates lack of integrity of the blood-nerve barrier. In this review, we will present a range of pediatric conditions that can present with spinal nerve root enhancement including inflammatory, infectious, hereditary, and neoplastic causes. Familiarity with the various pathologic entities associated with spinal nerve root enhancement is important for a concise differential diagnosis in the appropriate clinical setting. This will avoid unnecessary additional investigations.

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Pediatric Molecular Imaging

Daldrup-Link

Gambhir

2014

Pediatric Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

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Imaging Tumors of the Pediatric Central Nervous System

Cited by 23 publications

References 169 publications

Differentiation of Low- and High-Grade Pediatric Brain Tumors with Highb-Value Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging and a Fractional Order Calculus Model

Differentiation of Low- and High-Grade Pediatric Brain Tumors with Highb-Value Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging and a Fractional Order Calculus Model

Spinal Nerve Root Enhancement on MRI Scans in Children: A Review

Pediatric Molecular Imaging

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