Imaging technologies in oilfield applications

Xie, Chenggang; North, Rob; Wilt, Michael; Zhang, P.; Denaclara, H.; Levesque, Cyrille

doi:10.1631/jzus.2005.a1394

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the η Eu value is on the increase. So this value is assumed to be an indication of the degree of asymmetry in the surroundings of Eu 3+ , and can also be ascribed to the relatively homogeneous distribution of the complex in gel [10], which appears to be responsible for the fewer emission lines of Eu 3+ in silica gel doped with Eu(sal) 3 (phen) than those in the pure complex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent and Thermal Properties of Eu<sup>3+</sup> Complex with Salicylic Acid and o-Phenanthroline Trapped in Sol–Gel Glass

Lü

Feng

2011

AMR

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A ternary Eu(III) complex with salicylic acid (Hsal) ando-phenanthroline (phen) was synthesized and then incorporated into silica matrix by sol-gel method. The luminescence behavior of the complex in silica gel was studied compared with that of the pure complex by means of emission, excitation spectra and thermogravimetic analysis. The results indicate that the complex Eu(sal)3(phen) in silica gel shows fewer emission lines than pure Eu(sal)3(phen) and the luminescence intensity ratio of the5D0→7F2transition to the5D0→7F1transition is lower than that of the latter. The thermal stability of Eu(sal)3(phen) is enhanced greatly through the introduction of the complex into silica matrix.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent and Thermal Properties of Eu<sup>3+</sup> Complex with Salicylic Acid and o-Phenanthroline Trapped in Sol–Gel Glass

Lü

Feng

2011

AMR

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“…Therefore, multiphase flow imaging and measuring in an oil well is harder. Some initial technologies have been just developed until now both at home and abroad [13][14][15][16][17] . The DEFT (digital entry and fluid imager tool) of Schlumberger Company has eight probes placed on the centralizer radially around the wellbore, each probe makes a digital measurement to distinguish oil, gas and water according to the electro conductivity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Flow imaging method of electromagnetic measurement in well logging

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2008

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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Multiphase flow in an oil well is a dynamic phenomenon of inhomogeneous medium, which should be studied in a nonlinear way. This paper presents an electromagnetic measurement method based on the electrical property differences between oil, gas and water to scan, inverse and show the distribution and condition of multiphase flow. Both numerical simulation and physical experiments have proved that clear images could be obtained by this way.well, multiphase flow, electromagnetic wave, flow imaging Multiphase flow in an oil well is a dynamic phenomenon of inhomogeneous medium, which should be studied in a nonlinear way. Conventional flow measuring techniques are linear methods averaging the local values. These cannot give accurate descriptions of the fluid distribution and movement in the well. For decades, flow imaging well logging techniques, as a nonlinear measuring method, have made rapid progress with the development of measurement science and computer technique. It can provide the 2-D or 3-D information of the fluids distribution which could be used to determine the flow regime, phase velocity and phase concentration distribution production profile and dynamic analysis of oil reservoir [1] .The developments of flow measurement on the ground are the base of the tomography well logging [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] , while there are great differences between them. The former usually operates on the outside of the pipeline, where the size of the sensor has no limit. Moreover, the temperature and the pressure are ordinary. However, working condition of the latter is in the iron and steel cable under thousands of meters, where the space is small with high temperature and pressure. Therefore, multiphase flow imaging and measuring in an oil well is harder. Some initial technologies have been just developed until now both at home and abroad [13][14][15][16][17] . The DEFT (digital entry and fluid imager tool) of Schlumberger Company has eight probes placed on the centralizer radially around the wellbore, each probe makes a digital measurement to distinguish oil, gas and water according to the electro conductivity. The FPT (flow profiling tool) of Computalog Company has the similar principium. The MCFM (multi-capacitance flow meter) of Baker Atlas Company deploys a wing containing 28 capacitance sensors that span the wellbore to determine both flow composition and holdup. The CAT (capacitance array tool) has an array of 12 capacitance sensors to distinguish oil, gas and water according to the dielectric constants. It is clear that the present tools just measure the local fluid without the whole image because of the limited amount of measuring data and resolution [18] . In this paper, we report how to obtain the section of the multiphase flow distribution according to the electrical property differences between oil, gas and water by scanning.

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