Imaging resilience and recovery in alcohol dependence

Charlet, Katrin; Rosenthal, Annika; Lohoff, Falk W.; Heinz, Andreas; Beck, Anne

doi:10.1111/add.14259

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…A recent review highlighted the need to delve into emotional regulation and the moderating role of impulsivity in alcohol consumption [7]. Likewise, the evidence of differences in the pattern of neural activation between individuals with high risk of resilient alcoholism and those who are vulnerable concerning the mechanisms of emotional regulation has sparked interest in the identification of markers of resilience in alcohol addiction [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

Moure-Rodríguez

Caamaño-Isorna

2020

IJERPH

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In recent years, new consumption patterns, such as binge drinking, have increased among young people and have not always been recognized as problematic either by health personnel or by society in general, as they are intensive episodes, interspersed with no consumption periods. Although the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the adult population continues to be higher in men than in women, these gender differences in relation to alcohol consumption are barely observed in adolescents between 14 and 18. Therefore, we are witnessing a change in the pattern of consumption, from regular to episodic, and an attenuation of gender differences. New patterns of alcohol consumption have not only been associated with an increased risk of alcohol use disorders in adult life, but also with neurocognitive involvement in youth. Understanding the risk and resilience factors of alcoholism or problematic drinking patterns will not only allow us to identify the most vulnerable group, but also to guide prevention programs towards protective factors; the skills that contribute to the natural abandonment of the pattern. Knowing the variables involved in the trajectories of abandonment and dependency would contribute to personalizing the interventions and increasing their efficacy and success—a lower relapse rate—, reducing the economic and socio-sanitary costs associated with alcohol dependency, as well as improving the health and well-being, family relations, work and social status of alcohol-dependent people.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

Moure-Rodríguez

Caamaño-Isorna

2020

IJERPH

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“…A MoCA score has previously been used to classify subjects with cognitive recovery after cognitive training in the context of a stroke, using the very same cut-off of <26 [41]. Other variables of interest were systematically recorded, including parameters previously described in the literature as potential predictive factors of poorer recovery from alcohol-related cognitive impairment, i.e., sex, age [42], age of onset of AUD [43], number of previous detoxifications [21,23], daily alcohol consumption, cannabis use disorder [44] and tobacco use disorder [21], body mass index (BMI), metabolic syndrome [45], and cirrhosis [46].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two factors most reported as impairing cognitive recovery are age [19,20] and the number of previous detoxifications due to reduced brain plasticity [21,22]. Additionally, other specific factors might influence brain recovery processes, i.e., genotype-dependent neuronal (re)growth, interfering effects of psychiatric comorbidities, additional smoking or use of marijuana, early onset of alcohol abuse, and sex-specific neural recovery effects [23]. It therefore appears crucial to document sex differences in the processes leading to cognitive impairment and subsequent recovery [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Patient Sex in Early Recovery from Alcohol-Related Cognitive Impairment: Women Penalized

Luquiens

Rolland

Pelletier

et al. 2019

JCM

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Background: The objective was to explore the role of patient sex in cognitive recovery and to identify predictive factors for non-recovery in alcohol use disorder (AUD). Methods: All patients with AUD admitted to a residential addictions treatment center were systematically assessed at admission and after 6 weeks of abstinence in a controlled environment. The inclusion criteria were that patients were admitted for AUD with baseline alcohol-related cognitive impairment (baseline total Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score < 26) and reassessed at 6 weeks (n = 395). A logistic regression model was built to determine the influence of sex on recovery status (MoCA < or ≥ 26) taking into account the interaction effect of sex with alcohol consumption on cognitive function. Results: The mean age was 50.10 years (SD = 9.79), and 27.41% were women. At baseline, the mean MoCA scores were 21.36 (SD = 3.04). Participants who did not achieve recovery (59.3% of women vs 53.8% of men) had lower total MoCA scores at baseline. The 2 factors that was significantly and independently associated with non-recovery and with a non-zero coefficient was being a woman and initial MoCA score (respective adjusted odds ratios (AOR) = 1.5 and 0.96, p-values < 0.05). Conclusions: These results could influence the time required in a controlled environment to maintain abstinence and the duration of in-care for women.

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“…The field of epigenetics is rapidly developing in AUD and might help explain some of the environmental components as they interact with the genetic architecture [5][6][7][8]. Several mechanisms contribute to epigenetic regulation, broadly defined as changes in gene expression without DNA sequence alterations, including histone modifications, non-coding RNA, and DNA methylation changes [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenome-Wide Association Study and Multi-Tissue Replication of Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder: Evidence for Abnormal Glucocorticoid Signaling Pathway Gene Regulation

Lohoff¹,

Roy

Jung³

et al. 2020

Biological Psychiatry

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic debilitating disorder with limited treatment options and poorly defined pathophysiology. There are substantial genetic and epigenetic components; however, the underlying mechanisms contributing to AUD remain largely unknown. We conducted the largest DNA methylation epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) analyses currently available for AUD (total N = 625) and employed a top hit replication (N = 4798) using a cross-tissue/crossphenotypic approach with the goal of identifying novel epigenetic targets relevant to AUD. Results show that a network of differentially methylated regions in glucocorticoid signaling and inflammation-related genes were associated with alcohol use behaviors. A top probe consistently associated across all cohorts was located in the long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific five gene (GAS5) (p < 10 −24). GAS5 has been implicated in regulating transcriptional activity of the glucocorticoid receptor and has multiple functions related to apoptosis, immune function and various cancers. Endophenotypic analyses using peripheral cortisol levels and neuroimaging paradigms showed that methylomic variation in GAS5 network-related probes were associated with stress phenotypes. Postmortem brain analyses documented increased GAS5 expression in the amygdala of individuals with AUD. Our data suggest that alcohol use is associated with differential methylation in the glucocorticoid system that might influence stress and inflammatory reactivity and subsequently risk for AUD.

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Imaging resilience and recovery in alcohol dependence

Cited by 23 publications

References 81 publications

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

Role of Patient Sex in Early Recovery from Alcohol-Related Cognitive Impairment: Women Penalized

Epigenome-Wide Association Study and Multi-Tissue Replication of Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder: Evidence for Abnormal Glucocorticoid Signaling Pathway Gene Regulation

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