Imaging of the rabbit supraspinatus enthesis at 7 Tesla: a 4‐week time course after repair surgery and effect of channeling

Trudel, Guy; Melkus, Gerd; Cron, Greg O.; Louati, Hakim; Sheikh, Adnan; Larson, Peder E. Z.; Schweitzer, Mark E.; Lapner, Peter; Uhthoff, Hans K.; Laneuville, Odette

doi:10.1002/jmri.25589

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For this study, we accessed a tissue bank containing shoulders from female New Zealand white rabbits (3.0 ± 0.3 kg) that had been used for magnetic resonance imaging analysis (Trudel et al, 2017) and mechanical testing after RC anchor repair (Louati et al, 2018). From the tissue bank, we retrieved all samples (n = 42) that were suitable for histological analysis.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All rabbits were euthanized with a pentobarbital overdose at the prespecified postoperative times. Shoulders were harvested en bloc, individually wrapped in saline-soaked gauze to avoid dehydration, and immediately frozen at −20°C (Trudel et al, 2017). Thawed shoulder samples were mechanically tested to failure using an electromechanical load-frame.…”

Section: Collection Of Specimens and Biomechanical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In rabbits, recovery after surgical repair of the SSP progresses in a fashion similar to that of humans, making it a valuable model to study surgical repair methods (Kim et al, 2010;Koike et al, 2006;Koike et al, 2005;Minagawa et al, 2013;Ross et al, 2015;Yamaguchi et al, 2006). In addition, the animal model provides access to tissue for histological analysis, including measures of cellular and extracellular matrix changes associated with RC tear and healing to asses enthesis formation (Depres-Tremblay et al, 2016;Edelstein et al, 2011;Louati et al, 2018;Trudel et al, 2017;.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Rotator cuff anchor repair: Histological changes associated with the recovering mechanical properties in a rabbit model

Campbell

Laneuville

et al. 2021

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Rotator cuff anchor repair is an increasingly common surgical procedure but the failure rate remains high. In order to improve surgical outcomes, a better understanding of postrepair histological and cellular responses at the tendon-bone attachment site (enthesis) is needed. We examined operated shoulders from 42 New Zealand female white rabbits. The animals underwent unilateral supraspinatus detachment followed by anchor repair a week later. To assess enthesis reformation, fibrocartilage staining area and the number of chondrocytes or nonchondrocytes were quantified at 0, 1, 2, and 4 weeks postrepair. Using linear regression, we correlated these results with the load to failure and stiffness recorded during mechanical testing of the tendons. Fibrocartilage staining and chondrocyte number increased during the first 2 weeks of enthesis formation. Between 2 and 4 weeks, fibrocartilage staining plateaued while chondrocyte number decreased. The presence of nonchondrocytes remained similar between 0-and 1-week postrepair but then decreased abruptly at 2 weeks. There was a linear correlation between fibrocartilage staining area and load to failure as well as stiffness. Nonchondrocyte number negatively correlated with stiffness. Early plateau of fibrocartilage staining and decrease in chondrocytes between 2 and 4 weeks postrepair suggest a blunted enthesis formation response in our animal model. K E Y W O R D S arthroplasty, histology, rotator cuff, tendons 1 | INTRODUCTION Rotator cuff (RC) tears are the most common cause of upper limb pain in humans and frequently impair function (Mitchell et al., 2005; Williams et al., 2004). Full-thickness tears have been detected in at least one-fifth of the general population and this proportion increases with age, reaching up to 50% in individuals in their eighties

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Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Collection Of Specimens and Biomechanical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rotator cuff anchor repair: Histological changes associated with the recovering mechanical properties in a rabbit model

Campbell

Laneuville

et al. 2021

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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“…Fukawa et al 53 reported that changes in the T2 value of magnetic resonance image T2 mapping reflected histologic tendon healing. Trudel et al 54 showed that reformation of the supraspinatus tendon after repair was characterized by increasing T2 values. Krepkin et al 55 demonstrated that there was a negative correlation between T2 values and SWE values in the supraspinatus tendon, and these results for the repaired tendon were consistent with our results.…”

Section: Stiffness Change After Arcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supraspinatus Muscle and Tendon Stiffness Changes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Shear Wave Elastography Assessment

Itoigawa

Wada

Kawasaki

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Re‐tearing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) frequently occurs, and high stiffness of the rotator cuff may be one of the factors. We investigated changes in stiffness of the supraspinatus muscle and tendon after ARCR as measured by shear wave elastography (SWE) with B‐mode ultrasound, and compared the supraspinatus muscle stiffness of patients with recurrent tears and patients with healed rotator cuffs. Sixty patients with supraspinatus tears requiring ARCR underwent serial SWE of their supraspinatus muscles and repaired tendons. SWE was performed before surgery (Pre‐Op) and at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, and 6 months after surgery. Additionally, the repaired rotator cuffs were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging at 6 months after surgery to classify patients into a healed rotator cuff group and a recurrent tear group. Differences in SWE values between the groups were assessed at each time point. The SWE value of the repaired tendon at 1 week after ARCR was significantly greater than at 3 and 6 months. The SWE value for the supraspinatus muscle at 1 month after ARCR surgery in the healed group was lower than at Pre‐Op and 4, 5, and 6 months after surgery, and it was also lower than that at 1 month after surgery in the re‐tear group. There were no significant differences between time points in the SWE values of the supraspinatus muscle in the re‐tear group. The SWE value of the muscle in the re‐tear group was greater than in the healed group at 1 month after surgery (p < 0.05). Increased SWE values at 1 month after ARCR may predict recurrent rotator cuff tears after surgery rather than evaluating the tendon. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:219–227, 2020

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“…Twenty-fold increase in cellularity was measured 1-2 weeks after channeling in the animal model (26). However, channeling did not improve enthesis reformation after SSP repair in the rabbit model (27). The effect of channeling on the SSP tendon proper remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of repaired rabbit supraspinatus tendons (± channeling) using magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla

Trudel¹,

Duchesne-Bélanger²,

Thomas³

et al. 2021

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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Background: The quantitative assessment of supraspinatus tendons by conventional magnetic resonance is limited by low contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners operating at 7 Tesla offer high signal-to noise ratio (SNR), low CNR and high spatial resolution that are well-suited for rapidly relaxing tissues like tendons. Few studies have applied T2 and T2* mapping to musculoskeletal imaging and to the rotator cuff tendons. Our objective was to analyze the T2 and T2* relaxation times from surgically repaired supraspinatus tendons and the effect of bone channeling.Methods: One supraspinatus tendon of 112 adult female New Zealand white rabbits was surgically detached and repaired one week later. Rabbits were randomly assigned to channeling (n=64) or control (n=48) groups and harvested at 0, 1, 2, and 4 weeks. A 7T magnet was used for signal acquisition. For T2 mapping, a sagittal multi slice 2D multi-echo spin-echo (MESE) CPMG sequence with fat saturation was applied and T2* mapping was performed using a 3D UTE sequence. Magnetic resonance images from supraspinatus tendons were analyzed by two raters. Three regions of interest were manually drawn on the first T2-weighted dataset. For T2 and T2*, different ROI masks were generated to obtain relaxation times.Results: T2-weighted maps but not T2*-weighted maps generated reliable signals for relaxation time measurement. Torn supraspinatus tendons had lower T2 than controls at the time of repair (20.0±3.4 vs. 25.6±3.9 ms; P<0.05). T2 increased at 1, 2 and 4 postoperative weeks: 22.7±3.1, 23.3±3.9 and 24.0±5.1 ms, respectively, and values were significantly different from contralateral supraspinatus tendons (24.8±3.1; 26.8±4.3 and 26.5±3.6 ms; all P<0.05). Bone channeling did not affect T2 (P>0.05).Conclusions: Supraspinatus tendons detached for 1 week had shorter T2 relaxation time compared to contralateral as measured with 7T MRI.

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Imaging of the rabbit supraspinatus enthesis at 7 Tesla: a 4‐week time course after repair surgery and effect of channeling

Abstract: 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:461-467.

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Rotator cuff anchor repair: Histological changes associated with the recovering mechanical properties in a rabbit model

Rotator cuff anchor repair: Histological changes associated with the recovering mechanical properties in a rabbit model

Supraspinatus Muscle and Tendon Stiffness Changes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Shear Wave Elastography Assessment

Quantitative analysis of repaired rabbit supraspinatus tendons (± channeling) using magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla

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