Imaging of Renal Cell Carcinoma: State of the Art and Recent Advances

Sacco, Emilio; Pinto, Francesco; Totaro, Angelo; D’Addessi, Alessandro; Racioppi, Marco; Gulino, Gaetano; Volpe, A; Marangi, Francesco; D’Agostino, Daniele; Bassi, Pierfrancesco

doi:10.1159/000322724

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 247 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…Classic prognostic variables such as TNM stage and Fuhrman grade have been limited in their ability to risk patients with localized RCC for the development of recurrence after nephrectomy [3]. Continuous and frequent radiological examinations, such as CT, MRI or bone scintigraphy which monitor the progress during follow-up are expensive [4]. Therefore, a simple and inexpensive assay is desirable for the prognosis of patients with RCC after nephrectomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Plasma Cell-Free DNA in Predicting Postoperative Recurrence of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Wan

Zhu

Jiang³

et al. 2013

Urol Int

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Background: Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) mostly originates from tumors and its level correlates with treatment. We assessed whether the level of plasma cfDNA could help monitor recurrence after nephrectomy. Methods: This study included 92 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cRCC). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the level of plasma cfDNA before and after nephrectomy. Results: The pretreatment level of plasma cfDNA in patients with metastatic cRCC (6.04 ± 0.72) was significantly higher than in those with localized cRCC (5.29 ± 0.53, p = 0.017) or controls (0.65 ± 0.29, p < 0.001). Of patients with localized cRCC, those with recurrence had a significantly higher plasma cfDNA level than those without (p = 0.024). The patients with a high plasma cfDNA level had a significantly higher recurrence rate than those with a low plasma cfDNA level before and after nephrectomy (p = 0.018). Conclusion: The level of plasma cfDNA may be useful as a tool to monitor patients during follow-up and guide further diagnostic work-up for the detection of recurrence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Plasma Cell-Free DNA in Predicting Postoperative Recurrence of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Wan

Zhu

Jiang³

et al. 2013

Urol Int

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“…1 Approximately 25 to 30% of patients with RCC have distant metastases at diagnosis, and another third of RCC patients develop systemic recurrence after primary tumor resection. 2 RCC has several morphological subtypes and the clear cell carcinoma is the most prevalent form (cRCC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endostatin gene therapy stimulates upregulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in a metastatic renal cell carcinoma model

et al. 2012

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One of the greatest challenges in urological oncology is renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is the third leading cause of death in genitourinary cancers. RCCs are highly vascularized and respond positively to antiangiogenic therapy. Endostatin (ES) is a fragment of collagen XVIII that possesses antiangiogenic activity. In this study, we examined the potential of ES-based antiangiogenic therapy to activate tumor-associated endothelial cells in metastatic RCC (mRCC). Balb/c-bearing Renca cells were treated with NIH/3T3-LendSN or, as a control, with NIH/3T3-LXSN cells. The T-cell subsets and lymphocyte populations of tumors, mediastinal lymph nodes and the spleen were assessed by flow cytometry. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was assessed by real-time PCR, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry analysis. ES gene therapy led to an increase in the percentage of infiltrating CD4-interferon (IFN)-g cells (Po0.05), CD8-IFN-g cells (Po0.01) and CD49b-tumor necrosis factor-a cells (Po0.01). In addition, ES therapy caused an increase at the mRNA level of ICAM-1 (1.4-fold; Po0.01) and VCAM-1 (1.5-fold) (control vs treated group; Po0.001). Through flow cytometry, we found a significant increase in the CD34/ICAM-1 cells (8.1-fold; Po0.001) and CD34/VCAM-1 cells (1.6-fold; Po0.05). ES gene therapy induced a significant increase in both T CD4 and CD8 cells in the lymph nodes and the spleen, suggesting that ES therapy may facilitate cell survival or clonal expansion. CD49b cells were also present in increased quantities in all of these organs. In this study, we demonstrate an antitumor inflammatory effect of ES in an mRCC model, and this effect is mediated by an increase in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in tumor-associated endothelial cells.

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“…Ultrasonographic examination is the first imaging technique for the patients to evaluate renal cell carcinomas (Sacco et al, 2011). Ultrasonography gives information on the size, attenuation features and vascular distribution of renal masses and adds useful diagnostic information to other imaging techniques.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing the Stage, Grade and Histological Subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinomas during 10 Years Period

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) account 80-85% of all primary renal neoplasms and originate from the renal cortex. The patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy for renal tumour in our unit between January 2005 and 2015 were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups; group 1 includes patients who were treated between January 2005 and December 2009, group 2 those from January 2010 to 2015. There were 103 patients in group 1. The patients were between 21 and 89 years with mean age of 61.46 year. Renal cell carcinomas account 83.4% of the patients, benign renal tumours were 8.7% and transitional cell carcinomas were 7.7% of the patients in group 1. A total of 32.5% RCCs were classified as pT1a, 24.4% as pT1b, 15.1% as pT2a, 11.6% as pT2b, 15.1% as pT3a and 1.1% as pT4. There were 202 patients in group 2 and the patients were between 27 and 81 years with mean age of 58.5 year. Renal cell carcinomas comprised the main bulk of the tumours with 182 nephrectomy specimens. According to the pathological classification of RCCs, 51 specimens were found as pT1a, 54 were pT1b, 13 were pT2a, 14 were pT2b, 48 were pT3a and 2 were pT4. Although, the incidence of small renal masses has been increasing with widespread use of imaging techniques and recent advancements, the proportion of high grade and advanced stage renal tumours increased during the study period.

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Imaging of Renal Cell Carcinoma: State of the Art and Recent Advances

Cited by 31 publications

References 247 publications

Monitoring of Plasma Cell-Free DNA in Predicting Postoperative Recurrence of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Monitoring of Plasma Cell-Free DNA in Predicting Postoperative Recurrence of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Endostatin gene therapy stimulates upregulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in a metastatic renal cell carcinoma model

Changing the Stage, Grade and Histological Subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinomas during 10 Years Period

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