Imaging of primary and metastatic liver cancer with 131I monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against alphafetoprotein.

Abstract

Thirteen patients with a history of confirmed liver carcinoma were given either I131 goat polyclonal or murine monoclonal antibodies against alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and then scanned with a gamma camera. In order to reduce background, nontarget activity, especially in the liver, blood pool, and reticuloendothelial system, 99mTc imaging agents were used for tumor image enhancement by computer-assisted subtraction. A sensitivity of 91% for the primary site, 50% for the lungs (33% for the chest area), and 75% for the abdomen and pelvis was achieved, with a specificity of 100%, 94%, and 100% for these sites, respectively. The accuracy was determined to be 93% for the liver, 86% for the lungs (77% for the chest), and 85% for the abdominal and pelvic area, resulting in an overall accuracy rate for imaging primary and metastatic hepatocellular cancer of 84% (90% if bone metastases are excluded). In two of the 13 patients, lesions that had been missed by conventional liver scintigraphy and transmission computed tomography (CT) were first shown by radioimmunodetection (RAID).

Characterization and Nucleotide Sequences of the Variable Regions of a Monoclonal Antibody against α-Fetoprotein

“…100 ¿¿1 of diluted HCC ascites containing 0.01 ¿ig/ml of AFP and incubated at 37°C for one hour and washed; (2) 100 ¿¿1 of hybridoma culture supernatant was added and incubated at 37°C for one hour and washed; (3). 100 ¿¿1 of goat anti-mouse Ig antibodies-alkaline phosphatase (Southern Biotechnology Associates, Inc., 1:1000 dilution) was added, incubated at 37°C for one hour, and washed; (4). 100 ¿¿1 of p-nitrophenyl phosphate(PNPP) was added as described (13).…”

“…Although AFP is a secretary protein, it is also retarded at the cell surface before release. For diagnostic purposes, radiolabelled monoclonal antibody against AFP has been used in imaging germ cell tumors (2) and HCC (3,4). Thus, monoclonal antibodies against AFP could also be used in targeting HCC and teratocarcinomas(5,6) in therapeutic application.…”

Anti-human AFP variant monoclonal antibody in radioimmunodetection of primary hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Many reports of RAID for human liver neoplasms, carried out using radioiodine-labeled monoclonal antibodies [4,5] , have appeared in the literature. Here, we describe our most recent study that successfully used 131 I-AFP-R-LCA McAb for RAID of human liver neoplasms.…”

A New Murine Monoclonal Antibody Against Human Hepatoma

“…Recently, the problem has been approached using monoclonal antibody (MAb) technologies. The use of MAbs against AFP as well as other previously undefined HCC tumor-associated antigens for radioimmunodetection and immunoconjugate therapy has shown promising initial results (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), and given impetus to the development of new specific MAbs against HCC (14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”