Imaging of microstructured biochemically active surfaces by means of scanning electrochemical microscopy

Kranz, Christine; Wittstock, Günther; Wohlschläger, Heidi; Schuhmann, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(97)00158-8

Cited by 82 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Subsequently, activity maps were obtained of: (i) GO immobilised in a membrane and (ii) mitochondrion-bound NADH-cytochrome c reductase [64]. Kranz et al [65] covalently tagged microfabricated thin ®lm structures of polypyrrole, formed on a gold substrate, with GO and used the feedback currents in the presence, and then absence, of both a redox mediator and glucose, to distinguish the enzyme sites from the underlying metallic substrate.…”

Section: Redox Processes On Biological Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning electrochemical microscopy: beyond the solid/liquid interface

Barker

Gonsalves

Macpherson

et al. 1999

Analytica Chimica Acta

145

107

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Section: Redox Processes On Biological Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning electrochemical microscopy: beyond the solid/liquid interface

Barker

Gonsalves

Macpherson

et al. 1999

Analytica Chimica Acta

145

107

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“…A variety of successful examples of localized polymerization of conducting polymers using SECM is described in the literature. The first report was on microdeposition of polyaniline on platinum electrodes in the direct mode [229] followed by deposition of polypyrrole on gold-coated glass with a lateral resolution of 60 μm [230,231]. The direct mode causes strong diffusional broadening, however, resulting in reduced lateral resolution.…”

Section: Osmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional electrochemical imaging in materials science

2007

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In the past 20 years the characterization of electroactive surfaces and electrode reactions by scanning probe techniques has advanced significantly, benefiting from instrumental and methodological developments in the field. Electrochemical and electrical analysis instruments are attractive tools for identifying regions of different electrochemical properties and chemical reactivity and contribute to the advancement of molecular electronics. Besides their function as a surface analytical device, they have proved to be unique tools for local synthesis of polymers, metal depots, clusters, etc. This review will focus primarily on progress made by use of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), conductive AFM (C-AFM), electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM), and surface potential measurements, for example Kelvin probe force microscopy (KFM), for multidimensional imaging of potential-dependent processes on metals and electrified surfaces modified with polymers and self assembled monolayers.

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“…Furthermore, several applications in different research fields such as metals corrosion studies [13,14], materials science [15], energy storage [16] or biological systems [17,18] use the SECM as an established system. The advantage of the constant distance mode, used in this work, is the decoupling of the electrochemical activity information from the topography [19,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy as a Characterization Tool for Reduced Graphene Oxide Field Effect Transistors

Reiner‐Rozman

Schodl

Nowak

et al. 2015

e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotech.

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Reduced graphene oxide coated SiO2/Si substrates were obtained by wet-chemical reduction of graphene oxide for the use as semiconductor material in field-effect transistors. The morphological and chemical characterization was done by using SEM, Raman spectroscopy and XPS. Raman and XPS measurements can characterize the success of the graphene-oxide reduction, but only for small parts spots of the surface (e.g. 0.41 µm 2 laser spot size with Raman). In order to evaluate larger surface areas and the electrochemical activity of the graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, additional spectroscopic measurements using the SECM were performed. The samples coated with unreduced graphene oxide showed no electrochemical activity, while reduced graphene oxide samples showed conducting properties. Further information about the topology of the surface was obtained by applying the SECM constant distance mode. The degree of graphene coverage was calculated from SECM data and compared to the coverage obtained by SEM. It was found that 68±7% coverage is sufficient to ensure electronic contact between the Source and Drain electrodes (resistance less than 1 kΩ). Functionality of the fabricated field effect transistors was demonstrated by titration of pH solutions and characterization of the characteristic curves.

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Imaging of microstructured biochemically active surfaces by means of scanning electrochemical microscopy

Cited by 82 publications

References 22 publications

Scanning electrochemical microscopy: beyond the solid/liquid interface

Scanning electrochemical microscopy: beyond the solid/liquid interface

Multidimensional electrochemical imaging in materials science

Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy as a Characterization Tool for Reduced Graphene Oxide Field Effect Transistors

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