Imaging of Head and Neck Cancer With CT, MRI, and US

Wan

2022

Sci Rep

This study aimed to investigate the artifacts induced by crowns composed of different materials with prepared teeth and titanium implants. Resin, metal-ceramic, ceramic and zirconia crowns were fabricated and placed onto the prepared teeth on a human cadaver head or titanium implants with prosthesis abutments on a dry human mandible. The samples were scanned on a 1.5 T MRI apparatus, and artifact areas were defined as the signal intensity and signal loss adjacent to the prosthesis and measured by a threshold tool with ImageJ2x. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Resin, ceramic, zirconia, and precious metal-ceramic crowns barely produced artifacts on the cadaver skull (p > 0.999). By contrast, pure Ti and nonprecious metal-ceramic crowns created significant artifacts (p < 0.001). The average artifacts reduction of double Au-Pt and Ag-Pd metal-ceramic crowns combined with titanium implants and abutments was 79.49 mm2 (p < 0.001) and 74.17 mm2 (p < 0.001) respectively, while artifact areas were increased in double Co-Cr and Ni–Cr metal-ceramic crowns by 150.10 mm2 (p < 0.001) and 175.50 mm2 (p < 0.001) respectively. Zirconia, ceramic and precious metal-ceramic crowns induce less MRI artifacts after tooth preparation while precious metal-ceramic crowns alleviate artifacts in combination with titanium implants.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility artifacts induced by crowns of different materials with prepared teeth and titanium implants in magnetic resonance imaging

Wan

2022

Sci Rep

“…MRI provides superior contrast resolution and is often able to better delineate infiltrating tumour margins from surrounding tissue. As a result, MRI may be useful for detection of small oropharyngeal tumours in patients with p16+ nodal disease (Junn et al, 2021). In a meta-analysis of 63 studies comparing CT vs MRI for diagnosing cervical lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer, CT scan was found to have higher sensitivity (77% vs 72%), but lower specificity (72% vs 81%) as compared to MRI (Sun et al, 2015).…”

Section: T/mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic approaches to carcinoma of unknown primary of the head and neck

Arnaud

Langerman

et al. 2021

Eur J Cancer Care

Squamous cell carcinoma in cervical lymph nodes arising from an undetected primary tumour, termed carcinoma of unknown primary (SCCUP), accounts for 2.0%-5.0% of all head and neck cancers (Strojan et al., 2013;Waltonen et al., 2009). The most common presentation is an enlarged cervical lymph node with carcinoma identified by needle biopsy, without evidence of a primary tumour on physical examination or imaging. SCCUP is a common clinical presentation for patients with human papillomavirus-mediated oropharyngeal cancer (HPV + OPSCC), as patients with HPV + OPSCC are more likely to present with small primary tumours and more advanced nodal disease (Stenmark et al., 2017). Given the rising incidence of HPV + OPSCC in many countries (Chaturvedi et al., 2011;Sturgis & Cinciripini, 2007), there is likely to be an increasing number of patients who present with SCCUP. Meticulous work-up of the SCCUP patient is central to the management of these patients as identification of the primary site improves overall survival and allows for definitive oncologic resection or more focused radiation when indicated (

Journal of Renewable Materials

“…Medical imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound imaging and fluorescence imaging technology, were used to diagnose the tumor, which can represent an integrated tissue property with a certain dimension or a cross-sectional slice and depict the inner structure [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactoferrin-Conjugated Polylactic Acid Nanobubbles Encapsulated Perfluoropentane as a Contrast Agent for Ultrasound/Magnetic Resonance Dual-Modality Imaging

Ding¹,

Li²,

He³

et al. 2022

The development of contrast agents that can be activated by multiple modes is of great significance for tumor diagnosis. In this study, the lactoferrin (Lf)-conjugated polylactic acid (PLLA) nanobubbles (Lf-PLLA NBs) were used to encapsulate liquid perfluoropentane (PFP) with the double emulsion method, creating PFP loaded (PFP/ Lf-PLLA) NBs for the ultrasound/magnetic resonance dual-modality imaging of subcutaneous tumor. The particle diameter and stability of nanobubbles were investigated by photon correlation spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of nanobubbles was preliminarily evaluated by cell proliferation and migration assay, hemolysis rate, and blood biochemistry analysis. A B-mode clinical ultrasound real-time imaging system was used to perform ultrasonic imaging in vivo. Magnetic resonance imaging in vivo was applied with a clinical 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner system. The mean particle diameter of PFP/Lf-PLLA NBs was 320.2 ± 4.1 nm with a low polydispersity index (PDI, 0.145 ± 0.025), and the NBs were negatively charged (−11.4 ± 0.4 mV). The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that PFP/Lf-PLLA NBs exhibited highly monodispersed and possessed an obvious spherical structure of nanocapsules. Nanobubbles had good stability at 4°C. Different concentrations of the PFP/Lf-PLLA NBs solution had no effect on the cell in cytotoxicity and cell migration, and the results of hemolysis rate and blood biochemistry assay also indicated the good biocompatibility of NBs. On the ultrasound/magnetic resonance imaging of tumor-bearing mice, PFP/Lf-PLLA NBs showed significantly enhanced contrast ability of tumor tissue. Therefore, PFP/Lf-PLLA NBs had great potential to be a contrast agent for tumor dual-modality imaging in vivo.