Imaging of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma with Immune Checkpoint Targeting Aptamer-Based Probe

Abstract

Immune checkpoint targeting immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of certain cancers in the recent years. Determination of the status of immune checkpoint expression in particular cancers may assist decision making. Here, we describe the development of a single-stranded aptamer-based molecular probe specifically recognizing human PD-L1. Target engaging aptamers are selected by iterative enrichment from a random ssDNA pool and the binding is characterized biochemically. Specificity and dose dependence is demonstrated in vitro in the cell culture using human kidney tumor cells (786-0), human melanoma cells (WM115 and WM266.4) and human glioblastoma LN18 cancer cells. The utility of the probe in vivo is demonstrated using two mouse tumor models, where we show that the probe exhibits excellent potential in imaging. We postulate that further development of the probe may allow universal imaging of different types of tumors depending on their PD-L1 status, which may find utility in cancer diagnosis.

Neural Network-Based Prediction of Potential Ribonucleic Acid Aptamers to Target Protein

“…Specificity and dosage dependency were proven in vitro in a cell culture setting using human kidney tumor cells (786-0), human melanoma cells (WM115 and WM266.4), and human glioblastoma LN18 cancer cells. [31] reveals that the probe divulges good potential in imaging, which proves that the probe is beneficial in vivo by using two mouse tumor models. [31] reveals that the probe reveals excellent potential in imaging.…”

“…[31] reveals that the probe divulges good potential in imaging, which proves that the probe is beneficial in vivo by using two mouse tumor models. [31] reveals that the probe reveals excellent potential in imaging. [31] theorizes that possible improvements to the probe soon might make it possible to do universal imaging of many kinds of tumors based on the PD-L1 status of the tumors, which could be useful in the process of detecting cancer.…”

“…[31] reveals that the probe reveals excellent potential in imaging. [31] theorizes that possible improvements to the probe soon might make it possible to do universal imaging of many kinds of tumors based on the PD-L1 status of the tumors, which could be useful in the process of detecting cancer. The most current research on predicting aptamers is summarised in Table 1, which may be found here.…”

“…It could be easier to conclude if the condition of immune checkpoint expression in certain cancers has been established. In this article [31], the design and development of a molecular probe that detects human PD-L1 with high specificity are discussed. The probe is based on a single-stranded aptamer, and it was designed to target the protein.…”

Bioimaging Nucleic-Acid Aptamers with Different Specificities in Human Glioblastoma Tissues Highlights Tumoral Heterogeneity

“…Aptamers are thus emerging diagnostic tools to complement their protein alter egos. Despite all their advantages and since their potential for patient tissue staining was first validated in 2010 [ 14 ], only few aptamers have been described so far for staining histological tissue sections ([ 15 ] and reviewed by [ 13 , 16 , 17 ]). Moreover, to our knowledge, only one study refers to aptamer-based multiplexing in tumoral tissue [ 18 ].…”