Imaging of Adult Ocular and Orbital Pathology - a Pictorial Review

Grech, Reuben; Cornish, Kurt Spiteri; Galvin, Patrick Leo; Grech, Stephan; Looby, Seamus; O’Hare, Alan; Mizzi, Adrian; Thornton, John; Brennan, Paul

doi:10.3941/jrcr.v8i2.1525

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…7 Calcifications, which may be seen in phthisis bulbi, retinoblastoma, and optic disc drusen, would not feature fluid-fluid levels and typically take on a more disorganized or scattered appearance in the case of phthisis bulbi and retinoblastoma. 8 Depending on their physical properties, intraocular foreign bodies can demonstrate a wide range of signal characteristics on MR imaging. Nonmetallic foreign bodies typically demonstrate low T1-weighted and T2-weighted signal intensity and may appear similar to PFO, especially if they are small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Imaging Characteristics of Intraocular Perfluoro-n-Octane

Williams¹,

Williams

Winegar

et al. 2020

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We describe the unique MR imaging characteristics of intraocular perfluoro-n-octane, a liquid used for intraoperative and postoperative tamponade in the context of complex retinal detachment repair, and contrast it with other intraocular pathologies. Because trace amounts of perfluoro-n-octane may be left in the globe postoperatively, it may be confused for other abnormalities, such as foreign bodies or tumors. ABBREVIATION: PFO ¼ perfluoro-n-octane P erfluoro-n-octane (PFO) is a low-viscosity perfluorocarbon

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Imaging Characteristics of Intraocular Perfluoro-n-Octane

Williams¹,

Williams

Winegar

et al. 2020

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ocular metastases are significantly more common than orbital metastases, outnumber orbital metastases by eight to one [ 35 , 38 , 39 ], and preferentially affect the vascularly rich choroid membrane [ 40 , 41 ]. The most common primary lesion is breast cancer (37–41%), followed by lung cancer (21–26%) [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Extracranial Metastases Direct Invasions Pns and Double Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonbrain metastases seen on magnetic resonance imaging during metastatic brain tumor screening

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although metastases found during head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are not limited to metastatic brain tumors, the MRI is a very common method for “brain metastasis screening,” a modality that is being increasingly performed. In this review, we describe MRI findings of nonbrain metastases and discuss ways to avoid missing these lesions. Metastatic cranial bone tumors are among the most common nonbrain metastatic lesions found on head MRI, followed by leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. The other less-frequent metastatic lesions include those in the ventricle/choroid plexus, the pituitary gland and stalk, and the pineal gland. Metastases in the head and neck area, as well as cranial and intracranial lesions, should be carefully evaluated. Furthermore, direct geographical invasion, perineural spread, and double cancers should also be considered. While it is important to recognize these metastatic lesions on MRI, because they may necessitate a change in treatment strategy that could lead to an improvement in prognosis due to early introduction of therapy, nonbrain lesions should also be given greater attention, given the increasing survival of patients with cancer and advances in MRI technology, such as contrast-enhanced-3D T1-weighted imaging.

show abstract

“…Therefore, it is important to avoid incorrectly diagnosing this population with cellulitis. The radiologist should remember the mnemonic for expected extraocular muscle involvement, "I'M SLO," with enlargement progressing from the inferior rectus, medial rectus, superior rectus, lateral rectus, and oblique muscles, in that order (44). A normal muscle thickness ranges from 3 to 6 mm (45).…”

Section: Orbitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orbital and ocular neoplastic processes include primary neoplasms such as choroidal melanoma, optic nerve sheath meningiomas, lacrimal gland lymphoma, and adenoid cystic carcinomas. Intraorbital metastasis should not be overlooked, especially if the patient has been diagnosed with basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer or breast or renal carcinomas (44).…”

Section: Orbitmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Skull Base–related Lesions at Routine Head CT from the Emergency Department: Pearls, Pitfalls, and Lessons Learned

Bello¹,

Graves²,

Rohatgi³

et al. 2019

RadioGraphics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Routine non-contrast material-enhanced head CT is one of the most frequently ordered studies in the emergency department. Skull base-related pathologic entities, often depicted on the first or last images of a routine head CT study, can be easily overlooked in the emergency setting if not incorporated in the interpreting radiologist's search pattern, as the findings can be incompletely imaged. Delayed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, or lack of recognition of skull base pathologic entities can negatively impact patient care. This article reviews and illustrates the essential skull base anatomy and common blind spots that are important to radiologists who interpret nonenhanced head CT images in the acute setting. The imaging characteristics of important "do not miss" lesions are emphasized and categorized by their cause and location within the skull base, and the potential differential diagnoses are discussed. An interpretation checklist to improve diagnostic accuracy is provided. © RSNA, 2019 • Abbreviations: ASB = anterior skull base, CCJ = craniocervical junction, CPA = cerebellopontine angle, CSB = central skull base, CSF = cerebrospinal fluid, IIH = idiopathic intracranial hypertension, MCF = middle cranial fossa, PCF = posterior cranial fossa, PNS = paranasal sinuses, PPF = pterygopalatine fossa, SIH = spontaneous intracranial hypotension, TMJ = temporomandibular joint

show abstract

Imaging of Adult Ocular and Orbital Pathology - a Pictorial Review

Abstract: Orbital pathology often presents a diagnostic challenge to the reporting radiologist. The aetiology is protean, and clinical input is therefore often necessary to narrow the differential diagnosis. With this manuscript, we provide a pictorial review of adult ocular and orbital pathology.

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

MR Imaging Characteristics of Intraocular Perfluoro-n-Octane

MR Imaging Characteristics of Intraocular Perfluoro-n-Octane

Nonbrain metastases seen on magnetic resonance imaging during metastatic brain tumor screening

Skull Base–related Lesions at Routine Head CT from the Emergency Department: Pearls, Pitfalls, and Lessons Learned

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About