Imaging interfacial micro- and nano-bubbles by scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy

Zhang, Lijuan; Zhao, Binyu; Xue, Lian; Guo, Zhi; Dong, Yaming; Fang, Haiping; Tai, Renzhong; Hu, Jun

doi:10.1107/s0909049513003671

Cited by 69 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Scanning transmission X‐ray microscope (STXM) has proved to be a valuable tool for investigating small particles, membranes, cell and whole bacteria immersed in aqueous solution, which can get both morphological and microchemical information (image and elemental map) . Soft X‐ray STXM is well suited for the investigation of actinides or other radioactive materials both in hard and soft matter since the amount of material required is very low (only 10 fg) and it operates at ambient pressure.…”

Section: Scanning Transmission X‐ray Microscopy For Actinide Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Actinide Materials Through Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

et al. 2014

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Synchrotron radiation (SR) based techniques have been utilized with increasing frequency in the past decade to explore the brilliant and challenging sciences of actinide‐based materials. This trend is partially driven by the basic needs for multi‐scale actinide speciation and bonding information and also the realistic needs for nuclear energy research. In this review, recent research progresses on actinide related materials by means of various SR techniques were selectively highlighted and summarized, with the emphasis on X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and scattering spectroscopy, which are powerful tools to characterize actinide materials. In addition, advanced SR techniques for exploring future advanced nuclear fuel cycles dealing with actinides are illustrated as well.

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Section: Scanning Transmission X‐ray Microscopy For Actinide Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Actinide Materials Through Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

et al. 2014

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“…Numerous studies confirmed the existence of interfacial nanobubbles 1 − 7 that preferentially nucleate on hydrophobic solid surfaces immersed in solutions with dissolved gas. 8 − 13 Their stability has been traced back to contact line pinning originating from the chemical and physical heterogeneity of the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Solvent Exchange Leading to Nanobubble Nucleation: A Molecular Dynamics Study

et al. 2017

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The solvent exchange procedure has become the most-used protocol to produce surface nanobubbles, while the molecular mechanisms behind the solvent exchange are far from being fully understood. In this paper, we build a simple model and use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the dynamic characteristics of solvent exchange for producing nanobubbles. We find that at the first stage of solvent exchange, there exists an interface between interchanging solvents of different gas solubility. This interface moves toward the substrate gradually as the exchange process proceeds. Our simulations reveal directed diffusion of gas molecules against the gas concentration gradient, driven by the solubility gradient of the liquid composition across the moving solvent–solvent interface. It is this directed diffusion that causes gas retention and produces a local gas oversaturation much higher near the substrate than far from it. At the second stage of solvent exchange, the high local gas oversaturation leads to bubble nucleation either on the solid surface or in the bulk solution, which is found to depend on the substrate hydrophobicity and the degree of local gas oversaturation. Our findings suggest that solvent exchange could be developed into a standard procedure to produce oversaturation and used to a variety of nucleation applications other than generating nanobubbles.

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“…21−23 STXM imaging has been used to visualize the micro-and nanobubbles of SF 6 and Ne, but the chemical information inside the bubbles has not been obtained because of the limitation of the instrument. 23 Here, we use STXM to explore the O 2 nanobubbles at a hydrophilic particle−water interface. The chemical composition of the nanobubbles is analyzed by means of near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanobubbles at Hydrophilic Particle–Water Interfaces

Pan

Zhang

et al. 2016

Langmuir

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ABSTRACT:The puzzling persistence of nanobubbles breaks Laplace's law for bubbles, which is of great interest for promising applications in surface processing, H 2 and CO 2 storage, water treatment, and drug delivery. So far, nanobubbles have mostly been reported on hydrophobic planar substrates with atomic flatness. It remains a challenge to quantify nanobubbles on rough and irregular surfaces because of the lack of a characterization technique that can detect both the nanobubble morphology and chemical composition inside individual nanobubblelike objects. Here, by using synchrotron-based scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy (STXM) with nanometer resolution, we discern nanoscopic gas bubbles of >25 nm with direct in situ proof of O 2 inside the nanobubbles at a hydrophilic particle−water interface under ambient conditions. We find a stable cloud of O 2 nanobubbles at the diatomite particle−water interface hours after oxygen aeration and temperature variation. The in situ technique may be useful for many surface nanobubble-related studies such as material preparation and property manipulation, phase equilibrium, nucleation kinetics, and relationships with chemical composition within the confined nanoscale space. The oxygen nanobubble clouds may be important in modifying particle−water interfaces and offering breakthrough technologies for oxygen delivery in sediment and/or deep water environments.

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Imaging interfacial micro- and nano-bubbles by scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy

Cited by 69 publications

References 48 publications

Exploring Actinide Materials Through Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Exploring Actinide Materials Through Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Solvent Exchange Leading to Nanobubble Nucleation: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Nanobubbles at Hydrophilic Particle–Water Interfaces

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