Imaging in neuroblastoma: An update

Kembhavi, Seema; Shah, Sneha; Rangarajan, Venkatesh; Qureshi, Sajid; Popat, Palak; Kurkure, Purna

doi:10.4103/0971-3026.155844

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although these tumors generally display different characteristic features, both in terms of clinical presentation 34 and on conventional imaging, 35,36 differentiating Wilms' from neuroblastoma may cause diagnostic confusion in the case of intrarenal neuroblastoma, 37,38 or if the tumor involves the adrenal gland. 39 Neuroblastomas commonly encase vascular structures, 34 which could be observed as an increase in D* and f parameters. The lack of correlation between IVIM and ADC parameters in regions where f was 20-40% suggests that higher f and D* values resulted from pathology rather than image artifact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion‐weighted MRI and intravoxel incoherent motion model for diagnosis of pediatric solid abdominal tumors

Meeus

Zarinabad

Manias

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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BackgroundPediatric retroperitoneal tumors in the renal bed are often large and heterogeneous, and their diagnosis based on conventional imaging alone is not possible. More advanced imaging methods, such as diffusion‐weighted (DW) MRI and the use of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), have the potential to provide additional biomarkers that could facilitate their noninvasive diagnosis.PurposeTo assess the use of an IVIM model for diagnosis of childhood malignant abdominal tumors and discrimination of benign from malignant lesions.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationForty‐two pediatric patients with abdominal lesions (n = 32 malignant, n = 10 benign), verified by histopathology.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T MRI system and a DW‐MRI sequence with six b‐values (0, 50, 100, 150, 600, 1000 s/mm2).AssessmentParameter maps of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and IVIM maps of slow diffusion coefficient (D), fast diffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) were computed using a segmented fitting model. Histograms were constructed for whole‐tumor regions of each parameter.Statistical TestsComparison of histogram parameters of and their diagnostic performance was determined using Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, and receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsIVIM parameters D* and f were significantly higher in neuroblastoma compared to Wilms' tumors (P < 0.05). The ROC analysis showed that the best diagnostic performance was achieved with D* 90th percentile (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.935; P = 0.002; cutoff value = 32,376 × 10−6 mm2/s) and f mean values (AUC = 1.00; P < 0.001; cutoff value = 14.7) in discriminating between neuroblastoma (n = 11) and Wilms' tumors (n = 8). Discrimination between tumor types was not possible with IVIM D or ADC parameters. Malignant tumors revealed significantly lower ADC, D, and higher D* values than in benign lesions (all P < 0.05).Data ConclusionIVIM perfusion parameters could distinguish between malignant childhood tumor types, providing potential imaging biomarkers for their diagnosis. Level of Evidence: 4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1475–1486.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion‐weighted MRI and intravoxel incoherent motion model for diagnosis of pediatric solid abdominal tumors

Meeus

Zarinabad

Manias

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…23,24 This tumor is detected as metastatic presentation in ~60 to 70%. 25 The mandible is an unusual site for neuroblastoma. 26 MSC, histologically a biphasic pattern of both small cells and islands of atypical cartilage, is a rare high-grade of variant of chondrosarcoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic Biphasic Primitive Tumor in the Mandible of a Child

et al. 2020

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Pediatric mandibular tumors present an aggressive biological behavior and difficult diagnosis. A wide range of odontogenic and nonodontogenic tumors comprise the spectrum of these lesions. We report a case of a 1-year-old male child patient showing facial asymmetry symptomatic of an expansive lesion extending throughout the body and ramus of the left hemimandible with a diameter of 8 cm. The histopathological report suggested a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), recommending further immunohistochemical investigation of the ectomesenchymal or neuroectodermal origin of the tumor cells. The patient evolved with extensive bilateral pleural effusion followed by metastasis in the middle third of the right humerus, and died 2 months after the first biopsy procedure by acute renal failure with tubular necrosis, before a final inconclusive immunohistochemical report was reached. The lack of resources for less-favored regions of Brazil impairs rapid biomolecular examinations such as immunohistochemical resulting in delay of appropriate therapeutic procedures.

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“…The median age is between zero and 4years old, and metastatic lesions are related to a five-year global survival decrease. 7,8 Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of orbit in children. Most of the cases occurs sporadically, but few cases are related to genetic syndromes, as Li-Fraumeni.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%