Imaging in Canine Sports Medicine

Brown, Jennifer; Henneman, Kimberley Elizabeth

doi:10.1002/9781118783443.ch20

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Diagnostic ultrasonography could be used to track progression of muscle healing throughout the treatment period to better identify when to start and modify rehabilitation 14 . It was used only twice in this case because of financial constraints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anconeus muscle injury in a juvenile greyhound

Schaaf

Roennfeldt‐Philp

Webster³

2020

Veterinary Surgery

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Objective: To report anconeus muscle injury in a greyhound. Animal: One 11-month-old female greyhound. Study design: Case report Methods: The dog presented with a 6-week history of mild left foreleg lameness. Moderate pain was noted by palpation over the proximolateral ulna and distolateral humerus and by maximal elbow flexion. A laminar periosteal reaction on the caudodistal humerus was present on radiographs. At ultrasonic examination, disorganization of anconeus muscle fibers, and focal mixed echogenicity were noted. Precontrast and postcontrast computed tomography (CT) revealed a thin rim of periosteal new bone on the caudodistal humerus as well as heterogeneous contrast enhancement of soft tissue immediately caudal to the distal humerus. An unrelated greyhound cadaver dissection confirmed only the anconeus muscle attached to the site of noted periosteal reaction. A partial tear of the anconeus muscle was diagnosed. Treatment consisted of 4 weeks of oral meloxicam. Confinement space and exercise were incrementally increased over 14 weeks. Results: Muscle healing was confirmed by ultrasonography and CT. The dog was able to have a successful racing career spanning 2 years with no lameness attributable to the previous anconeus muscle injury and retired for unrelated reasons. Conclusion: Radiography and ultrasonography helped diagnose anconeal muscle injury, and conservative management led to full return to function. Clinical significance: Clinicians should include anconeus muscle injury as a differential diagnosis in dogs with lameness and pain over the proximolateral ulna or distolateral humerus or on elbow flexion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anconeus muscle injury in a juvenile greyhound

Schaaf

Roennfeldt‐Philp

Webster³

2020

Veterinary Surgery

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“…In dogs, thermography was used for diagnosing bone cancer (sensitivity 100 %, specificity 80 %) 50 . The rest of the problems addressed by thermography belonged to orthopedics where an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 49 , hips, stifles, elbows, and disc disease were studied 51,52 . In cats, thermal imaging detected hyperthyroidism with 87.5% accuracy 53 .…”

Section: Thermographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophotonics in veterinary medicine: the first steps toward clinical translation

Cugmas

Spīgulis

2019

Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XIX: Toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics

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In this paper, we analyzed the current situation and the potential of biophotonics and biomedical optics in veterinary medicine. Promising optical techniques such as optical coherence tomography, pulse oximeter, and hyperspectral imaging have been clinically translated into human medicine. But even though human and small animal medicine share personalized and state-of-the-art approach, biophotonics remains rarely exploited in the canine and feline medicine. However, there are some biophotonics studies in veterinary oncology which addressed tumor diagnosis (skin and subcutaneous tumors), prognosis (lymphoma), and therapy (clear surgical margins). Visible and near-infrared spectroscopy served for measuring various physiological parameters related to circulation, and photobiomodulation therapy was often used for the management of wounds, skin conditions, and orthopedic problems. In the research, the most popular clinically translated technique is thermography which was applied for the diagnosis of orthopedic problems and diseases as infections and hyperthyroidism. The future optical devices for small animals such as dogs and cats should be robust and resilient to damage (e.g., due to biting, chewing), offering user-friendly and short measurements. In veterinary oncology, biophotonics could replace invasive fine-needle aspiration procedure. The potential of a pulse oximeter for pet monitoring has yet to be explored. What is more, photobiomodulation efficiency should be tested in an extensive clinical (in vivo) study. The technique would be very beneficial in dentistry which currently requires expensive and risky anesthesia.

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“…Digital thermal imaging can be used to assess a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, including OA, by identifying tissue's temperature changes. It is also useful to monitor rehabilitation progress, and, unlike other medical modalities, it is not related to morphology [7,11,12]. A 180 × 180 pixel resolution has been deemed enough to provide reliable results for medical uses, but a higher resolution (320 × 240) means smaller changes can be detected [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By correlating changes in temperature patterns with various diseases, degenerative, or injury processes, digital thermography can provide a reproducible diagnostic tool, particularly in early disease phases [16][17][18]. Canine thermal imaging has been documented recently [11], with a growing interest reflected in an increase in the number of studies assessing thermography use. These reports present this diagnostics modality to evaluate a wide range of pathologies in different joints and the inter-vertebral disc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermographic imaging of police working dogs with bilateral naturally occurring hip osteoarthritis

Alves

Santos²,

Jorge³

et al. 2020

Acta Vet Scand

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Background Digital thermal imaging is a physiologic, non-invasive, contactless, and non-radiating diagnostic tool that can assess a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, including hip osteoarthritis (HOA). Fifty police working dogs were evaluated to compare the dorsoventral (DV) and lateral (LT) thermographic images in dogs with naturally occurring bilateral HOA. A DV, and left and right lateral LT images were obtained for each animal in six different moments. They were positioned standing in a symmetrical upright position for the DV view. Each image included the area from the last lumbar to the first coccygeal vertebrae. Each LT view was set with the greater trochanter in the centre of the image. Images were taken with a thermographic camera from a distance of 60 cm. Mean and maximal temperatures were recorded, analyzed with ANOVA, dependent samples t-test, and Spearman correlation, with P < 0.05. Results Nine hundred images were considered, collected from 30 males and 20 females, with a mean age of 6.5 ± 2.2 years and bodyweight of 26.7 ± 5.3 kg. The overall value recorded on the DV view was 25.3º ± 9.1 and 28.4º ± 2.8 on the lateral view. These were significantly different (P < 0.01) and with a low correlation (r = 0.10, P = 0.03). German Shepard dogs showed significantly lower values on all views than other breeds (P < 0.01), and heavier dogs had higher values on the lateral view. Conclusions This is the first study that describes digital thermography's diagnostic use to evaluate working dogs with naturally occurring HOA, comparing two different views. Future studies should address each one's value in the diagnosis and response to treatment of this disease.

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Imaging in Canine Sports Medicine

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

Anconeus muscle injury in a juvenile greyhound

Anconeus muscle injury in a juvenile greyhound

Biophotonics in veterinary medicine: the first steps toward clinical translation

Thermographic imaging of police working dogs with bilateral naturally occurring hip osteoarthritis

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