Imaging for Ballistic Trauma: Other Applications of Forensic Imaging in the Living

Serraino, Salvatore; Milone, Livio; Picone, Dario; Argo, Antonina; Salerno, Sergio; Midiri, Massimo

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96737-0_15

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Seeking the truth regarding the medical consequences of torture will increase our knowledge about torture-related injuries, contribute to the rehabilitation of torture survivors, and strengthen humanitarian forensic action, given that humanitarian forensics has emerged as a growing forensic discipline in recent years [81]. When dealing with torture in custodial settings, a multidisciplinary approach is required, involving mutual cross-talk between all the forensic disciplines to improve the quality of maltreatment investigations and effectively implement further interventions [88][89][90][91][92].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torture and Maltreatment in Prison: A Medico-Legal Perspective

et al. 2023

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The maltreatment and torture of prisoners constitute a global problem. Methods of maltreatment are classified as the psychological and the physical, and physical methods inevitably lead to psychological sequelae. Our review offers an analysis from the medico-legal perspective of the literature on the torture and physical and sexual abuse experienced by prisoners and their psychological sequelae and aims to investigate the medico-legal issues of investigating maltreatment in prison so as to suggest methodologies and updated approaches for dealing with such cases in a forensic context. We performed a comprehensive literature search of peer-reviewed publications (articles and reviews), research reports, case studies, books, service models, protocols, and institutional documents available online using key electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed) and search engines (Google Scholar) with the following keywords: physical violence, psychological violence, torture, maltreatment, physical abuse, psychological abuse AND prison OR prisoner OR jail OR custody. In the medical literature, most of the publications on torture are based on retrospective studies of torture among survivors and often refer to asylum seekers. Forensic evaluation is crucial for assessing the determinant elements of torture and maltreatment. A multidisciplinary approach and standardized and updated methodologies are needed to support policymakers, national institutions, and public health system initiatives in this field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torture and Maltreatment in Prison: A Medico-Legal Perspective

et al. 2023

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“…Specialist doctors who may find themselves involved in the seizure of evidence should also be aware of the need to create and maintain a chain of custody of the evidence. An example could be the surgeon who has to extract a bullet from the body of a patient [75][76][77][78][79]. Before using the correct precautions to avoid contaminating the evidence, it is advisable to proceed with a meticulous crystallization of the crime scene and of the evidence through photographic surveys carried out from all angles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chain of Custody in the Era of Modern Forensics: From the Classic Procedures for Gathering Evidence to the New Challenges Related to Digital Data

et al. 2023

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The purpose of this work is to renew the interest and attention for the chain of custody in forensic medicine, its establishment and maintenance, protecting the integrity and validity of evidence as well as to analyze how over time the establishment of the chain of custody and the collection of evidence has evolved also in function of the advent of technology and the use of electronic devices connected to the network. The analysis of the various aspects of the chain of custody demonstrates how necessary it is for the professional figures involved in the phases of the investigation (especially those who manage the evidence and who have, therefore, designated the assignment) to know the procedures to follow, trace the movement and the handling of objects subjected to seizure, also for the purposes of toxicological and/or histological investigations. The knowledge of interferences or complications helps to reduce errors and safeguard the validity of the evidence, assuring the proceeding judicial authority that the evidence is authentic and that it is, in other words, the same evidence seized at the scene of the crime. Furthermore, the issue is particularly felt today, with the recent need to guarantee the originality of digital data. Following a careful review and analysis of the literature currently available in this regard, it is worth adding that further efforts are needed to formulate internationally validated guidelines, harmonizing the different reference criteria in forensic science and medical areas, given the current absence of good international practices valid in the field and applicable both in the case of physical evidence and in the case of seizure of digital evidence.

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“…These tasks are performed not only for deceased victims in the context of autopsies, but also for living victims within the scope of clinical medicolegal examinations. In both situations, the macromorphological examinations are performed in conjunction with imaging methods [ 1 – 7 ]. In the reconstruction of shooting incidents, projectile trajectory and shot range are important aspects that need to be determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical wound trajectory after a tangential pistol shot

et al. 2022

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Three intermediate-range shots from a Browning, model 1955, 7.65 mm caliber, pistol were fired from the driver’s seat of a car at a woman in the passenger seat. She sustained three wounds: An, ultimately fatal, penetrating head wound, a graze wound across her forehead, and a tangential, perforating, wound, with bullet entry over the medial sternum and exit through the right flank. Neither postmortem CT nor forensic autopsy discovered bony thoracic injuries or perforations of the thoracoabdominal cavities. There was pulmonary contusion in the medial lobe of the right lung and hemorrhage in the adipose tissue around the right kidney. The tangential bullet had left an almost 40-cm-long wound channel through a pronounced layer of subcutaneous fat. Based on 3D reconstructed CT-data determinations, a straight bullet trajectory between entry and exit wounds would have traversed the abdominothoracic cavities, right lung, and liver. The actual trajectory, however, described a prominent curve, without signs of deflection by bone. Postulated explanations for this unusual bullet track are that the woman was twisting her body in a dynamic scene when the bullet struck; further, due to its shallow angle of incidence on the skin, the bullet was deflected to an intracutaneous path. Additionally, soft tissue resistance may have caused the bullet to yaw. Caution should, thus, be exercised when reconstructing bullet trajectories solely from entry and exist wounds, also for bullet wounds through basically homogenous soft tissues.

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Imaging for Ballistic Trauma: Other Applications of Forensic Imaging in the Living

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Torture and Maltreatment in Prison: A Medico-Legal Perspective

Torture and Maltreatment in Prison: A Medico-Legal Perspective

The Chain of Custody in the Era of Modern Forensics: From the Classic Procedures for Gathering Evidence to the New Challenges Related to Digital Data

Atypical wound trajectory after a tangential pistol shot

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