Imaging features of endolymphatic sac tumours: case report with review of literature

Abstract

Papillary endolymphatic sac tumours (ELSTs) are rare lesions of the temporal bone often confused with other more common entities. However, the radiologic differentiation is important for both surgical planning and also to alert the pathologist as regards the true origin. We present a case of a large ELST with some specific radiological findings.

Gamma knife treatment of an endolymphatic sac tumor: Unique features of a case and review of the literature

“…Most studies reported an uncertain effect of radiotherapy or gamma knife radiosurgery. [6,7,9,12,17] Two cases treated with gamma knife radiotherapy, with long-term follow-up, and with no recurrence, have been reported. [5,18] In our case, the patient had only sensorineural hypoacusis and facial paresis at the time of the first admission.…”

“…[10] DSA shows the hypervascularity of the mass and the arterial supply of the lesion. [11,12] Grossly, ELSTs are highly vascular red masses. Microscopically, ELSTs show two main patterns: [13] well-formed papillary fronds and thyroid follicle-like glandular structures.…”

Imaging of skull base pathologies: Role of advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques

“…On MR examination, the tumor shows a speckled appearance with multiple foci of high signal intensity scattered throughout the tumor on T1-weighted images (T1WI), which may be related to the presence of breakdown products of hemorrhage, cholesterol clefts, and proteinaceous cysts with heterogeneous signal intensity on T2WI. 17,18 Small ELSTs (<3 cm) are seen as destructive lesions in the retro-labyrinthine petrous bone centered at the external opening of the vestibular aqueduct. These tumors usually show a peripheral rim of bone suggesting their expansile nature.…”

Clinicopathologic study of endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) and differential diagnosis of papillary tumors located at the cerebellopontine angle

“…Misdiagnoses of these tumors based on radiologic or even pathologic exams have been seen . Common misdiagnoses based on radiologic exams include glomus jugulare tumors, meningiomas, aneurysmal bone cysts and bone tumors . It is even difficult for pathologists to differentiate ELST from some papillary tumors, especially CPP at the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) region …”

“…[7][8][9] Common misdiagnoses based on radiologic exams include glomus jugulare tumors, meningiomas, aneurysmal bone cysts and bone tumors. [10][11][12][13] It is even difficult for pathologists to differentiate ELST from some papillary tumors, especially CPP at the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) region. 6,[14][15][16] In this study, we collected 10 cases of ELST, and used a variety of CPA tumors as well as normal endolymphatic sac as controls.…”