Imaging efficiency of an X‐ray contrast agent‐incorporated polymeric microparticle

Abstract

Biocompatible polymeric encapsulants have been widely used as a delivery vehicle for a variety of drugs and imaging agents. In this study, X-ray contrast agent (iopamidol) is encapsulated into a polymeric microparticle (polyvinyl alcohol) as a particulate flow tracer in synchrotron X-ray imaging system. The physical properties of the designed microparticles are investigated and correlated with enhancement in the imaging efficiency by experimental observation and theoretical interpretation. The X-ray absorption ability of the designed microparticle is assessed by Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law. Particle size, either in dried state or in solvent, primarily dominates the X-ray absorption ability under the given condition, thus affecting imaging efficiency of the designed X-ray contrast flow tracers.

Oxime functionalization strategy for iodinated poly(epsilon-caprolactone) X-ray opaque materials

“…There are many parallel strategies being undertaken to address the challenge of preparing well‐defined X‐ray opaque materials that have controllable and/or predictable biodistribution. Some current investigations include the “packaging” of the contrast agent as separate small molecules within stabilized organic structures including conventional liposomes, micelles, and emulsions . Unfortunately, these methods of imparting contrast to the material can still suffer from the "leakage" of the contrast agent from the material over time.…”

Gold Nanoparticle Contrast Agents in Advanced X-ray Imaging Technologies

“…In addition, the feature size of tracer microparticles containing AuNPs is important for optimal spatial resolution to overcome the errors encountered in dynamic X-ray imaging analysis. The X-ray imaging efficiency of X-ray contrast agent-incorporated polymeric microparticles are systematically discussed in terms of Beer-Lambert Law [ 48 , 82 ].…”

“…The size of the microparticles increases by the molecular weight of chitosan: #1 (20,000 Da), #2 (30,000 Da) and #3 (85,000 Da) at a fixed 6.35 × 10 −2 mmol Au 3+ ion solution [ 6 , 50 ]. The Beer–Lambert law is employed to evaluate the absorption coefficient of the designed AuNP-incorporated chitosan microparticles in the synchrotron X-ray imaging [ 48 , 82 ]. The absorption coefficient decreases with increased molecular weight of chitosan (#1 (475.21 μm −1 ) > #2 (417.91 μm −1 ) > #3 (274.85 μm −1 )) [ 6 , 81 ].…”