Imaging and cancer: A review

Fass, Leonard

doi:10.1016/j.molonc.2008.04.001

Cited by 672 publications

(494 citation statements)

References 381 publications

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“…There is a growing awareness that assessment of location, magnitude and duration of transgene expression in vivo through various modern noninvasive imaging technologies may help develop efficient and safe gene therapy protocols. 3,4 Currently, the three most promising suicide gene/prodrug combinations are (1) herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV1-tk) with ganciclovir (GCV), 5 (2) CD (cytosine deaminase) from bacteria or yeast with 5-fluorocytidine 6,7 and (3) bacterial nitroreductase (NTR) with CB1954. 8 Of the three, HSV1-tk/GCV is at the forefront of gene therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive optical imaging of nitroreductase gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy system in living animals

et al. 2011

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Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) is a promising and emerging strategy that attempts to limit the systemic toxicity inherent to cancer chemotherapy by means of tumor-targeted delivery and expression of an exogenous gene whose product converts nontoxic prodrug(s) into activated cytotoxic agent(s). The bacterial nitroreductase (NTR) enzyme, coupled with its substrate prodrug 5-(azaridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954), is a promising GDEPT strategy that has reached clinical trials. However, no strategy exists to visually monitor and quantitatively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of NTR/CB1954 prodrug therapy in cells and imaging in living animals. As the success of any GDEPT is dependent upon the efficiency of transgene expression in vivo, we developed a safe, sensitive and reproducible noninvasive imaging method to monitor NTR transgene expression that would allow quantitative assessment of both therapeutic efficacy and diagnostic outcome of NTR/ CB1954 prodrug therapy in the future. Here, we investigate the use of a novel fluorescent imaging dye CytoCy5S (a Cy5-labeled quenched substrate of NTR enzyme) on various cancer cell lines in vitro and in NTR-transfected tumor-bearing animals in vivo. CytoCy5S-labeled cells become fluorescent at 'red-shifted' wavelengths (638 nm) when reduced by cellular NTR enzyme and remains trapped within the cells for extended periods of time. The conversion and entrapment was dynamically recorded using a time-lapsed microscopy. Systemic and intratumoral delivery of CytoCy5S to NTR-expressing tumors in animals indicated steady and reproducible signals even 16 h after delivery (Po0.001). This is the first study to address visual monitoring and quantitative evaluation of NTR activity in small animals using CytoCy5S, and establishes the capability of NTR to function as an imageable reporter gene.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive optical imaging of nitroreductase gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy system in living animals

et al. 2011

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“…Data from this study had shown after years of development in breast imaging, women perception of pain during mammography still remain (Asghari and Nicholas, 2004;Keemers-Gels et al, 2000). Existence of a new imaging tool with much lesser pain may be the answer to boost up the popularity for breast health screening among women worldwide (Fass, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Validation of Electrical Impedance Tomography Qualitative and Quantitative Values and Comparison of the Numeric Pain Distress Score against Mammography

Juliana

Shahar²,

Chelliah³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a potential supplement for mammogram screening. This study aimed to evaluate and feasibility of EIT as opposed to mammography and to determine pain perception with both imaging methods. Women undergoing screening mammography at the Radiology Department of National University of Malaysia Medical Centre were randomly selected for EIT imaging. All women were requested to give a pain score after each imaging session. Two independent raters were chosen to define the image findings of EIT. A total of 164 women in the age range from 40 to 65-year-old participated and were divided into two groups; normal and abnormal. EIT sensitivity and specificity for rater 1 were 69.4% and 63.3, whereas for rater 2 they were 55.3% and 57.0% respectively. The reliability for each rater ranged between good to very good (p<0.05). Quantitative values of EIT showed there were significant differences in all values between groups (ANCOVA, p<0.05). Interestingly, EIT scored a median pain score of 1.51±0.75 whereas mammography scored 4.15±0.87 (Mann Whitney U test, p<0.05). From these quantitative values, EIT has the potential as a health discriminating index. Its ability to replace image findings from mammography needs further investigation.

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“…Ultrasound is one of the imaging methods employed by many people all over the world to identify a mass of tissue in the ovarian, breast, kidney, liver, prostate, pancreatic and uterine [8].…”

Section: Preliminaries Ultrasound Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, there is more heat and finally more expansion in tumor tissue in compare with healthy tissue around it [11]. Photoacoustic tomography and photo-acoustic microscopy are two type of Photo-acoustic image [8,12,13]. The steps toward photoacoustic imaging of the targeted area are illustrated in Figure 5.…”

Section: Photo-acoustic Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework of Photo Acoustic Imaging for Ovarian Cancer Detection by Galvo-mirror System

Mahmoodian¹,

Haddadnia²

2016

J Bioengineer & Biomedical

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Ovarian cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women, which often leads to death. As a result, developing new techniques for diagnosing this disease at early stages, preventing the high rate of death in women with high-risk, and minimizing the large side effects on the economy must be considered seriously by experts. For early diagnosis of this disease, it is necessary to utilize ultrasound integrated with photo acoustic technique in which the minimal amount of cost, energy, and laser are acquired. In addition, the procedure should provide sufficient pulse to make ovaries tissue able to take image. This new clinical diagnosis technique utilizes modest pulse energy and low electrical voltage so that, it could be assumed as a proper alternative for conventional ultrasound in showing the image of abdominal ovary tissue. The researcher aims at presenting a real time photo acoustic-imaging probe for imaging human ovaries tissue; thus, this study seeks to investigate the effect of low electrical voltage and modest laser pulse energy while providing enough pulse for ovarian tissue as well as implementation issue. This model utilizes dual modality imaging approach and describes several researches carried out in order to establish dual-model imaging consisting ultrasound and photo acoustic. The system can accomplish near-simultaneous ultrasound and photo acoustic imaging. The model is capable of reaching thorough diagnostic information based on the tissue where there is only individual imaging model with its limitations.

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Imaging and cancer: A review

Cited by 672 publications

References 381 publications

Noninvasive optical imaging of nitroreductase gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy system in living animals

Noninvasive optical imaging of nitroreductase gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy system in living animals

Validation of Electrical Impedance Tomography Qualitative and Quantitative Values and Comparison of the Numeric Pain Distress Score against Mammography

A Framework of Photo Acoustic Imaging for Ovarian Cancer Detection by Galvo-mirror System

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