Images of desire: food-craving activation during fMRI

Pelchat, Marcia Levin; Johnson, Andrea C; Chan, Robin M.; Valdez, Jeffrey N.; Ragland, J. Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.023

Cited by 591 publications

(354 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…These comprised protein, high‐calorie, and carbohydrate stimuli as well as nonfood objects as a control. Video excerpts were selected as stimuli rather than desirable food names or pictures since short clips are closer to real experiences (Davids et al., 2009; LaBar et al., 2001; Pelchat et al., 2004). The stimuli were taken from YouTube, of which 70% consisted of TV commercials and the rest were taken from cooking shows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The view that desire for food is elicited to satisfy nutritional needs is well established (Pelchat, Johnson, Chan, Valdez, & Ragland, 2004). In support of this argument Weingarten and Elston (1991) postulated that cravings arise due to nutrient or caloric deficits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) illustrate that responses to food cues depend highly on an individual's physiological brain states. Factors such as hunger, satiety, and the palatability of high‐energy foods—all affect food preferences (Laan, Ridder, Viergever, & Smeets, 2011; LaBar et al., 2001; Pelchat et al., 2004). One of the central orexigenic regions of the brain that was shown to be responsible not only for the initiation, but also for the termination of meals is the hypothalamus (King, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals treated with monotonous diets when presented with non‐diet food stimuli demonstrated more activity in the left insula signifying craving and food desirability‐related activation (Pelchat et al., 2004). Tataranni et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the basal ganglia, the caudate and putamen are both regions involved in the evaluation of reward and they show opposing activation in states of hunger and satiety (Holsen et al., 2005; Pelchat et al., 2004). The putamen, in particular, is implicated in Pavlovian conditioning (O'Doherty et al., 2004) and it has been postulated by Davids et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Ioannou

Williams

2016

Brain and Behavior

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ObjectiveThis functional magnetic resonance imaging study was designed to observe how physiological brain states can alter food preferences. A primary goal was to observe food‐sensitive regions and moreover examine whether 5‐HTP intake would activate areas which have been associated with appetite suppression, anorexia, satiety, and weight loss.Methods and ProcedureFourteen healthy male and female participants took part in the study, of which half of them received the supplement 5‐HTP and the rest vitamin C (control) on an empty stomach. During the scanning session, they passively observed food (high calories, proteins, carbohydrates) and nonfood movie stimuli.ResultsWithin the 5‐HTP group, a comparison of food and nonfood stimuli showed significant responses that included the limbic system, the basal ganglia, and the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. For the vitamin C group, activity was mainly located in temporal and occipital regions. Compared to the vitamin C group, the 5‐HTP group in response to food showed increased activation on the VMPFC, the DLPFC, limbic, and temporal regions. For the 5‐HTP group, activity in response to food high in protein content compared to food high in calories and carbohydrates was located in the limbic system and the right caudomedial OFC, whereas for the vitamin C group, activity was mainly located at the inferior parietal lobes, the anterior cingulate gyri, and the left ventrolateral OFC. Greater responses to carbohydrates and high calorie stimuli in the vitamin C group were located at the right temporal gyrus, the occipital gyrus, the right VLPFC, whereas for the 5‐HTP group, activity was observed at the left VMPFC, the parahippocampal gyrus bilaterally, the occipital lobe, and middle temporal gyri.DiscussionIn line with the hypotheses, 5‐HTP triggered cortical responses associated with healthy body weight as well as cerebral preferences for protein‐rich stimuli. The brain's activity is altered by macronutrients rich or deprived in the body. By reading the organisms physiological states and combining them with memory experiences, it constructs behavioral strategies steering an individual toward or in opposition to a particular food.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Ioannou

Williams

2016

Brain and Behavior

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Neural Correlates of Food Addiction

Gearhardt¹

2011

Arch Gen Psychiatry

594

408

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Context Research has implicated an addictive process in the development and maintenance of obesity. Although parallels in neural functioning between obesity and substance dependence have been found, no studies have examined the neural correlates of addictive-like eating behavior. Objective To test the hypothesis that elevated “food addiction” scores are associated with similar patterns of neural activation as substance dependence. Design Between-Subjects fMRI study. Participants Forty-eight healthy adolescent females ranging from lean to obese recruited for a healthy weight maintenance trial. Main Outcome Measure The relation between elevated “food addiction” scores and blood oxygen level-dependent fMRI activation in response to receipt and anticipated receipt of palatable food (chocolate milkshake). Results Food addiction scores (N = 39) correlated with greater activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and amygdala in response to anticipated receipt of food (P <0.05, false-discovery rate (FDR) corrected for multiple comparisons in small volumes). Participants with higher (n=15) versus lower (n=11) food addiction scores showed greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the caudate in response to anticipated receipt of food, but less activation in the lateral OFC in response to receipt of food (pFDR <0.05). Conclusions Similar patterns of neural activation are implicated in addictive-like eating behavior and substance dependence; elevated activation in reward circuitry in response to food cues and reduced activation of inhibitory regions in response to food intake.

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Introducing the Perfect Meal

Spence

Piqueras‐Fiszman

2014

The Perfect Meal

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Images of desire: food-craving activation during fMRI

Cited by 591 publications

References 51 publications

Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Neural Correlates of Food Addiction

Introducing the Perfect Meal

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