Image Segmentation Based on Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization

Zhonga, Chenying; Zhang, Guixu; Zhoua, Aimin

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2011.12.424

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This approach involves a large strain deformation followed by a final aging that enables the formation of an ultrafine-grained structure stabilized by nanoscale precipitations. The contributions of dispersoids and grain boundaries to the reduction of electrical conductivity are the lowest among all the aforementioned defects [1,[13][14][15]. At the same time, dispersoids and grain boundaries provide an ultimate tensile strength of 600 MPa or higher through dispersion hardening and grain size strengthening [11,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The strength of copper can be significantly increased by cold working [3][4][5], grain refinement [6][7][8][9][10][11], and the precipitation of nanoscale dispersoids [2,[11][12][13][14][15]. However, strengthening leads to a pronounced decrease in the electrical conductivity, due to increase in the dislocation density, grain boundaries, dispersoids, and solutes, which increase the scattering of conducting electrons [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was assumed [12][13][14]19] that the high electrical conductivity is due to the very low solubility of Cr and Zr in Cu, whereas the excellent strength is attributed to dispersion hardening by the nanoscale precipitates. There is no doubt that the strength/conductivity properties of the Cu-Cr-Zr alloys result from precipitation behavior during aging at 723-773 K. The following precipitation sequence for coherent Cr-rich phase particles was revealed in a dilute Cu-Cr alloy [18,23]: (i) Cr-rich fcc spherical precipitates, which can be considered as Guinier-Preston zones; (ii) coherent round/elliptical shaped bcc precipitates of B2-type structure having a Nishiyama-Wassermann orientation relationship with copper matrix and a size of 10 nm or less; (iii) plate/round shaped bcc precipitates having a Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship with copper and a size of $ 10 nm or higher.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grain refinement in a Cu–Cr–Zr alloy during multidirectional forging

Shakhova

Yanushkevich

Fedorova

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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a b s t r a c tStructural changes during plastic deformation were studied in a Cu-0.3%Cr-0.5%Zr alloy subjected to multidirectional forging up to a total strain of 4 at the temperatures of 300 K and 673 K. The deformation behavior was characterized by a rapid increase in the flow stress at an early deformation followed by a steady-state flow at large strain. The development of the new ultrafine grains resulted from the progressive increase in the misorientations of the strain-induced low-angle boundaries, which evolve into high-angle boundaries with increasing cumulative strain through a strain-induced continuous reaction that is quite similar to continuous dynamic recrystallization. The formation of ultrafine grains was closely related to the development of geometrically necessary boundaries that is attributed to deformation banding. The grain refinement kinetics increased with an increase in the deformation temperature. At 673 K, the area fractions of the ultrafine grains with a size below 2 μm were 0.36 and 0.6 in the initially solution treated samples and the aged samples, respectively. However, the area fractions of the ultrafine grains did not exceed 0.2 at 300 K.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Grain refinement in a Cu–Cr–Zr alloy during multidirectional forging

Shakhova

Yanushkevich

Fedorova

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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show abstract

“…The Fe 3 B phase can be formed in the Fe-B alloy by either rapid solidification [7] or crystallization of metallic glass [8]. It however decomposes into the stable Fe 2 B phase from 873 K to 993 K [9][10][11], thus limiting its application at high temperature [12][13][14]. Then, it is necessary to improve the stability of the metastable phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%