Image interpretation and artefacts

Murray, Rachel C.; Werpy, Natasha M.

doi:10.1002/9781118786574.ch4

Cited by 12 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The presence of bone marrow lesions was characterized by the presence of short Tau inversion recovery‐weighted FSE signal hyperintensity, with concurrent T1‐weighted gradient echo signal hypointensity and T2*‐weighted gradient echo signal hypointensity or hyperintensity with or without an artifactual void signal rim . Bone marrow lesions were noted and graded in six different anatomical locations of the distal condyle of third metacarpal bone: the palmar and dorsal portions of the lateral condyle, the palmar and dorsal portions of the sagittal ridge area and the palmar and dorsal portion of the medial condyle of the distal aspect of the third metacarpal bone (Figure ).…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…Magnetic resonance signal abnormalities referred to as bone marrow lesions are hypointense in T1‐weighted gradient echo images, hyperintense in T2‐weighted FSE and short Tau inversion recovery‐weighted FSE images, and iso‐ to hyperintense with or without an artifactual void signal rim in T2*‐weighted gradient echo images because of out‐of‐phase time echo resulting in cancellation of signal for voxels containing equal amounts of both fat and water, causing a dark border in both frequency and phase‐encoded directions (phase cancellation artifact) . Histologically, this signal abnormality may correspond to several types of bone pathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone marrow lesions of the distal condyles of the third metacarpal bone are common and not always related to lameness in sports and pleasure horses

Guio

Ségard‐Weisse

Thomas‐Cancian

et al. 2018

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Bone marrow lesions of the distal condyles of the third metacarpal bone are common and not always related to lameness in sports and pleasure horses AbstractThe metacarpophalangeal joint is a common site of pain in horses. Little information is available about bone marrow lesions in the distal condyles of the third metacarpal bone in sports and pleasure horses. Aims of this prospective, retrospective, observational study were to evaluate the prevalence of bone marrow lesions in the distal condyles of the third metacarpal bone, to describe their anatomic distribution and to correlate lesions with the presence of lameness and the level and type of activity. All sports and pleasure horses undergoing standing low-field MRI of the front fetlock region between 2009 and 2016 were included and divided into three lameness groups according to the results of diagnostic analgesia. Bone marrow lesions were analyzed and graded by one reader. Grades were compared between anatomical locations and between lameness groups.A total of 166 horses were sampled. The prevalence of bone marrow lesions was 76.5% (127/166).The dorsal aspects of the medial condyle (31%, 39/127) and of the sagittal ridge (28%, 36/127) were the most commonly affected locations. There was no significant difference between both forelimbs (lame limb and non-lame limb) of the same horse. Lesion severity was neither significantly associated with the lameness group nor with the type or level of activity. The prevalence of bone marrow lesions in the distal condyles of the third metacarpal bone is high in this population and the clinical significance is not always clear. Further studies are required to elucidate the clinical significance of this finding in sports and pleasure horses. K E Y W O R D Sequine, fetlock, magnetic resonance imaging, subchondral

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Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone marrow lesions of the distal condyles of the third metacarpal bone are common and not always related to lameness in sports and pleasure horses

Guio

Ségard‐Weisse

Thomas‐Cancian

et al. 2018

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…In the present study, the following sequences were used in the sMRI examination: T1-weighted GRE, T2-weighted FSE, and STIR FSE. For MRI, image quality is dependent on the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which can be affected by several factors including field strength, number of averaging, slice thickness and field of view (FOV) [ 13 ]. The T1-weighted GRE sequence provides excellent anatomic detail, characterized by a relatively high resolution resulting from a high SNR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The signal intensity of ODSL is known to be influenced by the magic angle effect (MAE) on images acquired with sMRI [ 13 , 22 ]. The proximal aspect of the medial ODSL is particularly susceptible to the MAE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of standing low-field magnetic resonance imaging to assess oblique distal sesamoidean ligament desmitis in three Thoroughbred racehorses

Mizobe

Okada

Shinzaki

et al. 2016

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Desmitis of the oblique distal sesamoidean ligaments (ODSL) is caused by hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal/metatarsophalangeal joint and has been described as a significant cause of lameness in racehorses. In this study, three Thoroughbred racehorses (age range: 3–6 years) were diagnosed with desmitis of the forelimb ODSL using standing low-field magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). Radiography and ultrasonography were inconclusive with regard to a definitive diagnosis. For all horses, the sMRI characteristics included increased signal intensity within the medial ODSL on T1-weighted gradient echo, T2-weighted fast spin echo and short tau inversion recovery fast spin echo images, which use a fat suppression technique. Effusion of the digital flexor tendon sheath was also clearly visible on sMRI. Following rest and controlled exercise for roughly 3 months, two horses successfully returned to racing within 5 months. Our findings support the use of sMRI for diagnosing ODSL injuries in Thoroughbred racehorses.

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Comparison of standing cone‐beam computed tomography and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging findings in the equine metacarpo‐ or metatarsophalangeal region of standing sedated horses

Lin,

Bolas,

Sargan

et al. 2024

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryBackgroundCone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are increasingly used in standing horses, so it is important to understand an efficient application of these imaging modalities.ObjectiveTo compare CBCT and MRI findings in the metacarpo (MCP)/metatarsophalangeal (MTP) region of clinical patients imaged for diagnostic purposes.Study designRetrospective study.MethodsThe CBCT and MRI images of the MCP/MTP region from equine clinical patients undergoing both standing MRI and CBCT imaging for lameness localised to the fetlock region (2021–2023) were retrospectively reviewed. Presence, location and imaging features of lesions were compared between modalities using descriptive analysis.ResultsImaging studies of 24 MCP/MTP regions from 22 horses were included. CBCT provided the assessment of subchondral bone integrity in palmar/plantar osteochondral disease, details of the length and associated attenuation changes of third metacarpal/tarsal parasagittal groove and proximal phalanx sagittal groove fissures, structural integrity and attenuation changes of subchondral and trabecular bone injuries, proximal phalanx dorsoproximal defects and anatomical and structural details of proximal sesamoid bone injuries. MRI provided the evaluation of short tau inversion recovery (STIR) hyperintensity associated with bone lesions and the extent of increased fluid accumulation in bone. CBCT revealed reduced joint space, indicating articular cartilage loss, while MRI showed joint distension and synovitis. MRI revealed generalised osseous STIR hyperintensity associated with septic arthritis. Soft tissue injuries were most identified by MRI except for heterotopic mineralisation most detected by CBCT.Main limitationsImaging findings not verified by a gold standard.ConclusionsCBCT and MRI contributed different diagnostic information so optimal information was obtained by using both modalities. Standing CBCT showed changes in bone structure and attenuation but was limited in detecting soft tissue injuries. Standing MRI showed increased fluid accumulation in bone and soft tissue injuries but was limited in assessing structural details of bone injuries.

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Image interpretation and artefacts

Cited by 12 publications

References 60 publications

Bone marrow lesions of the distal condyles of the third metacarpal bone are common and not always related to lameness in sports and pleasure horses

Bone marrow lesions of the distal condyles of the third metacarpal bone are common and not always related to lameness in sports and pleasure horses

Use of standing low-field magnetic resonance imaging to assess oblique distal sesamoidean ligament desmitis in three Thoroughbred racehorses

Comparison of standing cone‐beam computed tomography and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging findings in the equine metacarpo‐ or metatarsophalangeal region of standing sedated horses

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