Image-guided optical spectroscopy in diagnosis of osteoarthritis: a clinical study

Abstract

This goal of this study was to clinically evaluate the potential of a novel hybrid imaging techniques, called x-ray guided multispectral diffuse optical tomography, for identifying physiological parameters of joint tissues that can be used to distinguish between osteoarthritic and healthy joints in the hand. Between 2006 and 2009, the distal interphalangeal (DIP) finger joints from 40 subjects including 22 osteoarthritis patients and 18 healthy controls were examined clinically and scanned by the hybrid imaging platform that integrated a C-arm based x-ray tomosynthetic system with a mutlispectral diffuse optical imaging system. Based on the reconstructed results from the 40 subjects, it was observed that oxygen saturation and water content were two statistically most significant physiological discriminators for differentiation of the healthy joints from the osteoarthritic ones.

Photoacoustic Tomography Imaging of the Adult Zebrafish by Using Unfocused and Focused High-Frequency Ultrasound Transducers

“…For the phantom experimental test, we placed human hair containing phantom (three hairs) into the water tank to examine the PA imaging resolution. The phantom materials utilized were composed of Intralipid as a scatterer and India ink as an absorber, with agar powder (1%-2%) to solidify the Intralipid and India ink solution [16], as shown in Figure 2a. We then immersed the object-bearing solid phantom into the water tank.…”

“…The optical absorption coefficient and reduced scattering coefficient of the background phantom was 0.01 mm −1 and 1.0 mm −1 , respectively. composed of Intralipid as a scatterer and India ink as an absorber, with agar powder (1%-2%) to solidify the Intralipid and India ink solution [16], as shown in Figure 2a. We then immersed the objectbearing solid phantom into the water tank.…”

“…Subsequently, the fish body was embedded into a solid cylindrical phantom without covering its head. The phantom materials consisted of Intralipid as a scatterer and India ink as an absorber, with agar powder (1%-2%) to solidify the Intralipid and India ink solution [16]. …”

Joint blood flow is more sensitive to inflammatory arthritis than oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and oxygen saturation

“…Since hypoxia affects both tissue blood content and oxygenation [22,24], near-infrared optical methods-diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and tomography (DOT), and photoacoustic tomography (PAT)-that are sensitive to these physiological parameters are being developed to supplement/replace clinical assessment and radiology for RA monitoring [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. These emerging techniques, DOS in particular, have the potential to overcome most of the limitations of current RA monitoring methods since they are safe, relatively inexpensive, and have the potential to quickly and objectively assess RA inflammation at the individual joint level [34,35].…”

Combining ICA and Granger causality: a novel tool for investigation of brain dynamics and brain oscillations using fNIRS measurements

“…[1][2][3][4] fNIRS offers unsurpassed high temporal resolution and provides quantitative information for both oxyhemoglobin (HbO 2 ) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbR), which plays an important role in the in vivo study of cognitive processing in the human brain. Now advances in fNIRS are undergoing a transition from mapping sites of cortical activations towards identifying the brain networks that connect these sites together into dynamic systems in time-frequency domain.…”