Illustrative cases in pericardial effusion misdetection: Correlation of echocardiography and CT

Yousem, David M.; Traill, Thomas T.; Wheeler, Paul S.; Fishman, Elliot K.

doi:10.1007/bf02577994

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Occasionally, this differentiation can be difficult, particularly in cases of small pericardial collections (27,28).…”

Section: Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other limitations include the difficulty of identifying clotting or clots within the pericardium at echocardiography as well as differentiation of small fluid collections from pericardial thickening, differentiation of fluid in the anterior and posterior spaces around the heart from epicardial fat, and identification of loculations in complex pericardial collections (8,26,27).…”

Section: Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging Findings in Cardiac Tamponade with Emphasis on CT

Restrepo¹,

Lemos²,

Lemos³

et al. 2007

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168

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Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening condition that results from slow or rapid heart compression secondary to accumulation of fluid, pus, blood, gas, or tissue within the pericardial cavity. This condition can be associated with multiple causes including trauma, inflammation, scarring, or neoplastic involvement of the pericardial space among others. The main pathophysiologic event leading to tamponade is an increase in intrapericardial pressure sufficient to compress the heart with resultant hemodynamic impairment, which leads to limited cardiac inflow, decreased stroke volume, and reduced blood pressure. These events result in diminished cardiac output, which manifests clinically as a distinctive form of cardiogenic shock. Although cardiac tamponade is a clinical diagnosis, imaging studies play an important role in assessment and possible therapeutic intervention. Computed tomographic (CT) findings associated with cardiac tamponade include pericardial effusion, usually large, with distention of the superior and inferior venae cavae; reflux of contrast material into the azygos vein and inferior vena cava; deformity and compression of the cardiac chambers and other intrapericardial structures; and angulation or bowing of the interventricular septum. Familiarity with the clinical and pathophysiologic features of cardiac tamponade and correlation with the associated CT findings are essential for early and accurate diagnosis.

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“…Occasionally, this differentiation can be difficult, particularly in cases of small pericardial collections (27,28).…”

Section: Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Findings in Cardiac Tamponade with Emphasis on CT

Restrepo¹,

Lemos²,

Lemos³

et al. 2007

RadioGraphics

168

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“…5 Therefore, in suspected cases, CT, PET/CT, or magnetic resonance imaging should be performed despite normal echocardiographic findings. 10 Computed tomography can detect, characterise, and assess the extent of pericardial lesions. It provides a larger field of view than transthoracic echocardiography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positron-emission Tomography–Computed Tomography for Detection of Primary Pericardial Lymphoma

Lee¹,

Tsang²,

Cheuk³

et al. 2018

Hong Kong J Radiol

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Primary pericardial lymphoma is rare in immunocompetent patients. Its symptoms are non-specific and may lead to a delayed diagnosis. Early detection and characterisation by computed tomography and positronemission tomography-computed tomography, and prompt intervention can result in a favourable prognosis. We report a case of primary pericardial lymphoma in an immunocompetent man who underwent chemotherapy and achieved complete resolution. Clinical, radiological, and pathological manifestations, and differential diagnoses are described.

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“…Finally, problems limiting echocardiography in evaluating pericardial pathology are many, whereas CT can readily detect pericardial abnormalities with greater specificity as well as defining anatomic boundaries between intracardiac and extracardiac structures [8]. Thus, CT should be the study of choice when clinical suspicion of pericardial disease does not correlate with echocardiographic findings and routine closure of the esophageal hiatus is recommended after transhiatal esophagectomy P I .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrapericardial tamponade with herniated omentum after transhiatal esophagectomy

Granke

Hoshal

Belt

1990

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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An unusual complication following transhiatal esophagectomy for lower esophageal carcinoma is reported in which extrapericardial tamponade and profound shock occurred secondary to a herniated section of omentum in the immediate postoperative period. The two-dimensional echocardiogram was nondiagnostic, but the diagnosis was confirmed during reexploration of the abdomen. Anatomic and pathophysiologic considerations of this unusual but life-threatening complication are discussed. The literature suggests that computed tomography is the study of choice to confirm the clinical diagnosis of pericardial pathology, and this case report is yet another example to support routine closure of the esophageal aperture.

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Illustrative cases in pericardial effusion misdetection: Correlation of echocardiography and CT

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Imaging Findings in Cardiac Tamponade with Emphasis on CT

Imaging Findings in Cardiac Tamponade with Emphasis on CT

Positron-emission Tomography–Computed Tomography for Detection of Primary Pericardial Lymphoma

Extrapericardial tamponade with herniated omentum after transhiatal esophagectomy

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