Illusory words created by repetition blindness: A technique for probing sublexical representations

Harris, C. A.; Morris, Alison L.

doi:10.3758/bf03196147

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Familiar syllables such as men and art are readily activated and bound to their list context, unlike unfamiliar units such as nx and ggot, where veridical representation requires the formation of new nodes with new connections or bindings at orthographic as well as list context levels, and postperceptual report of these units requires new top-down connections at phonological levels. 3 In conclusion, we agree with Harris and Morris (2001) that orthographic RB and the IW technique have proven useful for probing sublexical representations. The present results also suggest that this technique is useful for probing higher level representations and the effects of meaning-linked emotions on the fragile memories formed under RSVP conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Overall report of IWs in the present study (about 22%) was low relative to Harris and Morris (2001), a difference attributable to four possible factors: recall procedures (written report in our study vs. oral report in Harris & Morris), presentation rate (100 ms/frame in our study vs. variable rates in Harris and Morris depending on participants' perceptual speed), emotion-induced instances of reverse RB in our study (which rendered the unrepeated C1 letters irrelevant to forming the designated IW), and unique aspects of stimulus lists in the two studies (given our F 2 results). Another possible factor is the relative unfamiliarity of taboo words as orthographic forms (since we primarily experience taboo words in acoustic rather than printed format), although orthographic frequency effects are currently unexplored in the IW paradigm.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relations between emotion, illusory word perception, and orthographic repetition blindness: Tests of binding theory

MacKay

Hadley

Schwartz

2005

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A

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This study reports effects of meaning and emotion (taboo vs. neutral words) on an illusory word (IW) phenomenon linked to orthographic repetition blindness (RB). Participants immediately recalled rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) lists consisting of two critical words (C1 and C2) containing shared letters, followed by a word fragment: for example, lake (C1) brake (C2) ush (fragment). For neutral critical words, participants often recalled C1, but not C2 or the fragment, reporting instead a nonoccurring or illusory word: here, brush (a blend of C2 and the fragment). Forward RB (defined as reduced report of orthographically similar C2s) was more common for neutral than for taboo C2s, and taboo IWs were reported significantly more often than were neutral IWs. Moreover, when both C2 and the potential IW were taboo, a new phenomenon emerged: Participants reliably reported both the IW and the intact C2. These and other results supported a binding theory of the IW phenomenon and orthographic RB.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Relations between emotion, illusory word perception, and orthographic repetition blindness: Tests of binding theory

MacKay

Hadley

Schwartz

2005

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A

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“…For an illusory target word, a significant N400 effect was elicited depending on its semantic relationship to the preceding prime word. Thus, our ERP findings support the 'lexical activation account' [10,17] which considers that illusory words are generated by an activation process time-locked to the presentation of the word fragment. According to this view, each word fragment -presented or induced in the RSVP sequence -will automatically activate corresponding cohorts of words.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The fate of the 'loser' constitutes additional evidence in favour of the 'lexical activation account' [10,17], which predicts that only the visual word form with the highest level of activation will activate its semantic representation. In contrast, it contradicts priming studies in which conscious access to the prime word was prevented by visual or attentional masking [4,5,[18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

‘Winner-take-all’ competition among real and illusory words

2006

Self Cite

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'Winner-take-all' networks are an important theoretical construct in visual neuroscience. An implication of winner-take-all networks is that a stimulus that wins the competition for selection receives maximal activation and will be consciously perceived, even when selection was incorrect. In this study, competition was induced between physically presented ('real') and self-constructed ('illusory') words. Semantic activation was probed by recording event-related potential responses to a downstream target word. The results showed that only words reported by participants triggered a spread of activation in the semantic system, whereas non-reported words failed to prime the target. Both effects were independent of whether the potential primes were 'real' or 'illusory'. Our findings indicate that neural 'winner-take-all' networks extend to the processing of lexical units.

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“…Nevertheless, abundant evidence suggests that readers impose complex unitization onto letter strings: Various experiments have implicated bigrams, onsets and rimes, and numerous phonetically motivated graphemes (Healy, 1994;Kessler & Treiman, 2001). Moreover, studies of repetition blindness suggest that people can shift attention between such units, as task demands require (Harris & Morris, 2001). If myriad units arise in an ideal bottom-up domain, it suggests they are created by perceptual dynamics.…”

Section: Toward a Synthesis: Attention Unitization And Adaptive Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Puzzle-solving science: the quixotic quest for units in speech perception

Goldinger

Azuma

2003

Journal of Phonetics

122

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Although speech signals are continuous and variable, listeners experience segmentation and linguistic structure in perception. For years, researchers have tried to identify the basic building-block of speech perception. In that time, experimental methods have evolved, constraints on stimulus materials have evolved, sources of variance have been identified, and computational models have been advanced. As a result, the slate of candidate units has , each with its own empirical support. In this article, we endorse Grossberg's (ART), proposing that speech units are emergent properties of perceptual dynamics. By this view, units only "exist" when disparate features achieve , a level of perceptual coherence that allows conscious encoding. We outline basic principles of ART, then summarize five experiments. Three experiments assessed the power of social influence to affect phoneme-syllable competitions. Two other experiments assessed repetition effects in monitoring data. Together the data suggest that "primary" speech units are strongly and symmetrically affected by bottom-up and top-down knowledge sources.

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Illusory words created by repetition blindness: A technique for probing sublexical representations

Cited by 21 publications

References 52 publications

Relations between emotion, illusory word perception, and orthographic repetition blindness: Tests of binding theory

Relations between emotion, illusory word perception, and orthographic repetition blindness: Tests of binding theory

‘Winner-take-all’ competition among real and illusory words

Puzzle-solving science: the quixotic quest for units in speech perception

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