Illness After Influenza Vaccination Reported Through a Nationwide Surveillance System, 1976–1977

Retailliau, Henry F.; Curtis, Arthur C.; Storr, Gordon; Caesar, Gregory; Eddins, Donald L.; Hattwick, Michael A. W.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112896

Cited by 64 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Systemic anaphylactic reactions to the influenza vaccine include generalized urticaria, airway edema, dyspnea, wheezing and hypotension. These reactions are extremely uncommon, occurring in 0.002% of individuals receiving the influenza vaccine [2,3,4,5]. Allergic reactions to the vaccine are usually associated with sensitivity to egg or gelatin [6,7,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaphylaxis from the Influenza Virus Vaccine

Coop

Balanon

White

et al. 2007

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Allergic reactions to the influenza vaccine are uncommon and usually associated with sensitivity to egg or gelatin. The aim of this study was to report the case of anaphylaxis to the influenza vaccine. Methods: Allergy percutaneous skin testing, serum specific IgE testing and IgE immunoblotting were performed to the influenza vaccine, egg, and gelatin. Results: Percutaneous skin testing to the influenza vaccine and gelatin were positive and egg (white, whole, and yolk) was negative. Immunocap® serum-specific IgE testing to egg (white, whole, and yolk) and gelatin were negative (<0.35 kU/l). IgE immunoblots were performed with 2 cord blood serums and the patient’s serum at a 1:20 dilution against 10 µg of the Fluzone influenza vaccine. The patient’s IgE immunoblot showed a protein band at 100 kDa which is similar to the molecular weight of gelatin protein, a 68-kDa protein which is similar to the molecular weight of hemagglutinin protein from the influenza vaccine, and a 45-kDa protein band that is similar to the molecular weight of ovalbumin protein from chicken embryo/egg. Conclusion: Based on clinical symptoms, skin testing, Immunocap testing and immunoblot evaluation, we feel that our patient is allergic to the infectious agent in the influenza vaccine as well as gelatin and ovalbumin in egg.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaphylaxis from the Influenza Virus Vaccine

Coop

Balanon

White

et al. 2007

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…Acute transverse myelitis was not regarded as increased in frequency on the basis of the passive surveillance system organized by the Center, for Disease Control for the swine flu vaccination program [46], To this must be added the rarity of the reports of transverse myelitis following influenza vaccinations in general [47], Only 2 such cases are reported among the 10-20 million military personnel and their dependents who have been repeatedly immunized and monitored over the past 35 years [12], It is estimated that more than 250,000,000 doses of flu vaccines have been given in the United States since 1945 [48], In fact, reports of adverse neu rologic effects prior to the report of Guillain-Barre syndrome and swine flu vaccination have been exceedingly rare, considering the large numbers of vaccinees. If one assumed that 200,000,000 doses were administered to those 18 years and over, that the period of risk lasted only 2 weeks, and the rate reported above for the Rochester population was applicable, one could expect nearly 100 cases on a purely coincidental basis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Acute Transverse Myelitis in Rochester, Minnesota, 1970–1980, and Implications with Respect to Influenza Vaccine

1982

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Acute transverse myelitis is a clinical entity characterized by acute onset of nonrecurrent, bilateral but not necessarily symmetrical, cross-sectional sensorimotor involvement of the spinal cord. Vascular lesions, inflammatory (mainly viral) disorders, and necrotic myelopathy as a remote effect of cancer have been reported as possible etiologic factors. Epidemiologic data on the disease are scarce. From the Mayo Clinic records-linkage system, 5 cases fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of acute transverse myelitis were collected during the study period 1970–1980 among the residents of Rochester, Minn. (USA), providing a mean annual incidence rate of 0.82 per 100,000 person-years, or 1.2 per 100,000 person-years for those 18 years of age and over. None of the cases described were post-vaccinal; an estimate of the number of cases occurring fortuitously following the swine flu vaccination program of 1976 in the USA is provided.

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“…Analysis revealed an attributable rate of vaccine-related GBS of one case per 100,000 vaccinations with A/NewJersey/76 vaccine. During 1992 -1993 and 1993 -1994, the overall relative risk of 1.7 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1 -2.8) for GBS was observed during the 6 weeks postvaccination [28]. This equates to one or two cases per million vaccinees.…”

Section: Safety Of Inactivated Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza: vaccination and treatment

Stephenson

Nicholson

2001

Eur Respir J

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Few conditions exert such an enormous toll of absenteeism, suffering, medical consultations, hospitalization, death and economic loss as influenza. Patients at high risk of complications and mortality include the elderly and those with pre-existing cardiopulmonary disease.The outbreak in 1997 in Hong Kong, of avian H5N1 influenza in man, which resulted in six deaths among 18 hospitalized cases, and the recent isolation of H9N2 viruses from two children in Hong Kong, are reminders that preparation must be made for the next pandemic. Since the 1970s, efforts to control influenza have mostly focussed on the split product and surface antigen vaccines. These vaccines are of proven efficacy in healthy adults and are effective in elderly people with and without medical conditions putting them at high risk of complications and death following influenza infection.However, vaccine coverage is patchy and often low, and outbreaks of influenza are not uncommon in well-immunized residents of nursing homes. New vaccines and methods of vaccine delivery are being developed in attempts to overcome the limitations of existing vaccines.The antiviral drugs amantadine and rimantadine were developed in the 1960s, but have not been used widely due to their spectrum of activity, rapid emergence of resistance, and adverse effects associated with amantadine. The site of enzyme activity of the influenza neuraminidase is highly conserved between types, subtypes and strains of influenza and has emerged as the target of an exciting new class of antiviral agents that are effective both prophylactically and as therapy.

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Illness After Influenza Vaccination Reported Through a Nationwide Surveillance System, 1976–1977

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

Anaphylaxis from the Influenza Virus Vaccine

Anaphylaxis from the Influenza Virus Vaccine

Incidence of Acute Transverse Myelitis in Rochester, Minnesota, 1970–1980, and Implications with Respect to Influenza Vaccine

Influenza: vaccination and treatment

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