Illicit treatments in cattle and urinary 6beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol ratio

Capolongo, Francesca; Tapparo, Marta; Merlanti, Roberta; Ravarotto, Licia; Tealdo, E; Gallina, Guglielmo; Montesissa, Clara; Dacasto, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2006.09.033

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Apart from the fact that it is well known that DX reduces F levels (Ljung et al 1996;Vincenti et al 2009;Ferranti et a 2011;Ferranti et al 2013), the withstanding result from this group is that the low dosage of DX given daily p.o. was capable of completely depleting E and F. This method of drug administration could accomplish circulating steady state concentrations of DX capable of influencing the production of endogenous F much more than the higher intermittent intramuscular dose applied by Capolongo et al (2007). The same study ) with corresponding 25th-75th percentiles.…”

Section: Methods Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of administration of synthetic corticosteroids on the urinary profile of F has been investigated in humans in detail (Mazzarino et al 2006). On the other hand, few studies have been devoted to investigate the correlation between natural and administered synthetic corticosteroids in order to identify indirect biomarkers for eventual treatments (Savu et al 1996;Capolongo et al 2007;Vincenti et al 2009Vincenti et al , 2012Ferranti et al 2011Ferranti et al , 2013Nebbia et al 2014). Therefore, a method to identify natural corticosteroid levels in bovines could be an important tool for the control of illicit corticosteroid treatment in livestock production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HPLC-ESI-MS/MS assessment of the tetrahydro-metabolites of cortisol and cortisone in bovine urine: promising markers of dexamethasone and prednisolone treatment

Chiesa

Panseri

Pavlović

et al. 2016

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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The effects of long-term administration of low doses of dexamethasone (DX) and prednisolone (PL) on the metabolism of endogenous corticosteroids were investigated in veal calves. In addition to cortisol (F) and cortisone (E), whose interconversion is regulated by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11βHSDs), special attention was paid to tetrahydrocortisol (THF), allo-tetrahydrocortisol (aTHF), tetrahydrocortisone (THE) and allo-tetrahydrocortisone (aTHE), which are produced from F and E by catalytic activity of 5α and 5β-reductases. A specifically developed HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method achieved the complete chromatographic separation of two pairs of diastereoisomers (THF/aTHF and THE/aTHE), which, with appropriate mass fragmentation patterns, provided an unambiguous conformation. The method was linear (r 2 > 0.9905; 0.5-25 ng ml . Recoveries were in range 75-114%, while matrix effects were minimal. The experimental study was carried out on three groups of male Friesian veal calves: group PL (n = 6, PL acetate 15 mg day -1 p.o. for 31 days); group DX (n = 5, 5 mg of estradiol (E2) i.m., weekly, and 0.4 mg day -1 of DX p.o. for 31 days) and a control group (n = 8). Urine was collected before, during (twice) and at the end of treatment. During PL administration, the tetrahydro-metabolite levels decreased gradually and remained low after the suspension of treatment. DX reduced urinary THF that persisted after the treatment, while THE levels decreased during the experiment, but rebounded substantially after the DX was withdrawn. Both DX and PL significantly interfered with the production of F and E, leading to their complete depletion. Taken together, the results demonstrate the influence of DX and PL administration on 11βHSD activity and their impact on dysfunction of the 5-reductase pathway. In conclusion, profiling tetrahydrometabolites of F and E might serve as an alternative, indirect but reliable, non-invasive procedure for assessing the impact of synthetic glucocorticosteroids administration. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Methods Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC-ESI-MS/MS assessment of the tetrahydro-metabolites of cortisol and cortisone in bovine urine: promising markers of dexamethasone and prednisolone treatment

Chiesa

Panseri

Pavlović

et al. 2016

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Though their use is strictly regulated by European Union member states (EC 1996a(EC , 1996b(EC , 2010, their illegal use as growth promoters, either alone or in combination with other molecules, anabolic steroids or β-agonists, is a widespread practice to improve meat quality and quantity in food-producing animals. Indeed, numerous studies on cattle have shown improvements in feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass characteristics (Stolker & Brinkman 2005;Capolongo et al 2007;De Brabander et al 2007;Cannizzo et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect-based detection of synthetic glucocorticoids in bovine urine

Pitardi

Cini

Paleologo³

et al. 2015

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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Challenges to testing for the illicit use of anabolic substances in meat-producing animals stem from the production of new synthetic compounds and the administration of low-dose cocktails to circumvent detection by the surveillance schemes of European Union member states. This work evaluated for the first time GR-CALUX, a highly sensitive reporter gene assay, as a screening tool for the detection of synthetic glucocorticoids in bovine urine. In order to verify the effect of natural corticosteroids on the method, the bioassay was tested first using blank urine samples collected at the farm and the slaughterhouse. Next, the dose-response curves were measured for the most commonly used synthetic glucocorticoids. The bioassay's ability to detect them in spiked and incurred samples of bovine urine was then evaluated. Finally, its performance was compared against a commercially available ELISA kit ordinarily used in screening activities. GR-CALUX performance did not appear to be influenced by physiological levels of endogenous corticosteroids in the farm samples, whereas an increase in these hormones might invalidate the analysis in samples obtained at the slaughterhouse. Using pure compounds, GR-CALUX showed a high sensitivity toward the synthetic glucocorticosteroids tested in order of relative potencies: flumethasone dexamethasone > betamethasone > methylprednisolone > prednisolone. As expected, the bioassay failed to detect the prohormone prednisone. The results obtained from analysis of the spiked and incurred specimens reproduced those of the blank samples and the pure compounds. GR-CALUX is a promising screening tool for the detection of illicit treatments in meat-producing bovines. Its ability to detect the most commonly used synthetic glucocorticoids was comparable with the ELISA test. Importantly, it appeared to be less susceptible to matrix effects than ELISA.

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“…Recently, we demonstrated that oral administration of very low doses of DEX (0.75 mg per animal for 50 days) suppressed the urinary excretion of cortisol and its metabolite 6β‐hydroxycortisol (6βOHF) in cattle (Capolongo et al ., ). Abraham et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine evaluation after an intra‐articular therapeutic dosage of dexamethasone in horses

Capolongo

Gallina

Fidani³

et al. 2013

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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This study investigated whether a single intra-articular administration (IA) of dexamethasone (DEX) in horses at therapeutic dosage could exert a systemic effect by influencing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity as a consequence of (limited) absorption and systemic distribution. The results indicated that DEX was detectable in urine collected 12-48 h after IA administration and that injection was accompanied by a reduced urine excretion of cortisol, 6β-hydroxycortisol (6βOHF) and two other metabolites of cortisol lasting up to 48 h post-DEX administration. The systemic effects in horses treated with DEX by IA route are similar to those that typically occur with short-term treatment including the reduction in urinary cortisol concentration.

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Illicit treatments in cattle and urinary 6beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol ratio

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

HPLC-ESI-MS/MS assessment of the tetrahydro-metabolites of cortisol and cortisone in bovine urine: promising markers of dexamethasone and prednisolone treatment

HPLC-ESI-MS/MS assessment of the tetrahydro-metabolites of cortisol and cortisone in bovine urine: promising markers of dexamethasone and prednisolone treatment

Effect-based detection of synthetic glucocorticoids in bovine urine

Endocrine evaluation after an intra‐articular therapeutic dosage of dexamethasone in horses

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