Illicit Drugs: Patterns of Use, Dependence, and Contribution to Disease Burden in Developed Countries

Degenhardt, Louisa; Hall, Wayne

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803678-5.00224-1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Ecstasy), methamphetamine (Philopon), and ketamine are included in ATSs. , The use of these stimulants is increasing in popular festivals and raves parties, but they are also being used in cases of drug-facilitated crimes and other occurrences. − Because these stimulants have no color, smell, or taste, people are typically unaware of their presence in drinks, and this situation is aggravated when alcohol consumption is involved. As these drugs can cause physical weakness or loss of consciousness, individuals become unable to protect themselves and are vulnerable to crime. ,, To prevent drug-facilitated crimes, countermeasures are necessary to avoid the unintentional ingestion of drugs. Many technologies, including mass spectrometry, infrared spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet spectroscopy, immunoassays, urine dipstick tests, and spot/color tests, have been developed for drug testing. − In particular, mass spectrometry-based technologies such as liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry enable the qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs with high resolution. − These techniques are commonly applied in forensic drug analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As these drugs can cause physical weakness or loss of consciousness, individuals become unable to protect themselves and are vulnerable to crime. 5,8,13 To prevent drugfacilitated crimes, countermeasures are necessary to avoid the unintentional ingestion of drugs. Many technologies, including mass spectrometry, infrared spectrometry, Raman spectrosco- py, X-ray diffractometry, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet spectroscopy, immunoassays, urine dipstick tests, and spot/color tests, have been developed for drug testing.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane-Based Colorimetric Device for Rapid and Simple Screening of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants in Drinks

et al. 2022

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With the growth of drug-facilitated crimes, prevention has become increasingly important. Although various drug detection technologies exist, most focus on postconsumption detection. However, the prevention of drug-facilitated crimes requires technology for the quick and easy detection of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) before ingestion. Herein, drug screening kits (DSKs) were developed for the simple detection of ATSs in drinks. The DSKs consisted of polydiacetylene nanofiber-based paper sensors fabricated by electrospinning with 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) and PCDA-dopamine as sensing materials that can bind ATSs via hydrogen bonding and π−π interactions. Dropping a drink on the DSK provided an immediate visual indication of the presence of ATSs. When ATSs were present in the drink, the color of the DSK clearly changed from blue to red, with the increase in red intensity being more than twofold greater than that observed when water alone was tested. Notably, the result could be confirmed by the naked eye without any analytical instrumentation. A color change indicating the presence of ATSs was successfully observed in various alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks. These results indicate the potential of DSKs for preventing drug-facilitated crimes caused by unwanted drug intake.

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