ILC Differentiation in the Thymus

Sun, Xiaohong; Bajaña, Sandra

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-8387-9_3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 100 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Localized preferentially in mucosal barriers, they play a role in monitoring and maintaining innate immunity. Three different ILC groups can be distinguished based on signature surface markers, genes expressed, and effector cytokines, all of which parallel the function of adaptive T cell subset counterparts similar to CD4+ T helper lymphocytes: type 1 ILCs, type 2 ILCs (ILC2s), and type 3 ILCs (ILC3s) [ 142 ]. Group 1 ILCs, including ILC1 and natural killer (NK) cells, primarily protect the host from viruses or bacterial infection [ 143 , 144 ].…”

Section: Mitochondrial Metabolism In Innate Immune Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns and Metabolism in the Regulation of Innate Immunity

Lyu,

Wang,

Huang

et al. 2023

J Innate Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The innate immune system, as the host’s first line of defense against intruders, plays a critical role in recognizing, identifying, and reacting to a wide range of microbial intruders. There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial stress is a major initiator of innate immune responses. When mitochondria’s integrity is disrupted or dysfunction occurs, the mitochondria’s contents are released into the cytosol. These contents, like reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial DNA, and double-stranded RNA, among others, act as damage-related molecular patterns (DAMPs) that can bind to multiple innate immune sensors, particularly pattern recognition receptors, thereby leading to inflammation. To avoid the production of DAMPs, in addition to safeguarding organelles integrity and functionality, mitochondria may activate mitophagy or apoptosis. Moreover, mitochondrial components and specific metabolic regulations modify properties of innate immune cells. These include macrophages, dendritic cells, innate lymphoid cells, and so on, in steady state or in stimulation that are involved in processes ranging from the tricarboxylic acid cycle to oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. Here we provide a brief summary of mitochondrial DAMPs’ initiated and potentiated inflammatory response in the innate immune system. We also provide insights into how the state of activation, differentiation, and functional polarization of innate immune cells can be influenced by alteration to the metabolic pathways in mitochondria.

show abstract

Section: Mitochondrial Metabolism In Innate Immune Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%