IL2 treatment for cancer: from biology to gene therapy

Foà, Robert; Guarini, Anna; Gänsbacher, Bernd

doi:10.1038/bjc.1992.400

Cited by 60 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…It greatly reduces the risk of adverse side effects, because IL-2 secretion at the local source produces very low levels in the circulation [41]. Additionally, IL-2 activates the cytotoxic function of LAK and NK cells and memory CTLs [42][43][44]. Numerous clinical trials using local production of IL-2 by tumor cells, fibroblasts, cells of the myelopoetic system and others have been reported, and response rates to this type of therapy varied between 0 and approximately 25% (reviewed in [45]), obviously in line with the results reported here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase I immunotherapy with a modified vaccinia virus (MVA) expressing human MUC1 as antigen‐specific immunotherapy in patients with MUC1‐positive advanced cancer

Rochlitz

Figlin

Squiban

et al. 2003

The Journal of Gene Medicine

158

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase I immunotherapy with a modified vaccinia virus (MVA) expressing human MUC1 as antigen‐specific immunotherapy in patients with MUC1‐positive advanced cancer

Rochlitz

Figlin

Squiban

et al. 2003

The Journal of Gene Medicine

158

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“…Since this would lead to insufficient lymphokine production, the addition of cytokines at the tumor site was assumed to circumvent a T-helper-mediated mechanism. This hypothesis was validated in animal studies using tumor cells engineered to produce various cytokines (Foa et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

PEG‐IL‐2 therapy of advanced cancer in the guinea pig. Impact of the primary tumor and beneficial effect of cyclopphosphamide

Balemans

Steerenberg

Koppenhagen

et al. 1994

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The efficacy of tumor therapy using polyethylene-glycol-modified interleukin-2 (PEG-IL-2), alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide, was studied in advanced metastatic disease in the guinea pig. Line 10 (L10) tumor cells appeared in the axillary lymph node only 7 days after intradermal tumor-cell inoculation, and lymph-node leukocytes were almost completely replaced by tumor cells on day 28. Local treatment of the intradermally growing L10 hepatocarcinoma in the guinea pig with a relatively low dose of PEG-IL-2 resulted in regression of the primary tumor and prevention of lymph-node metastases. Therapy was completely curative (4 out of 5 animals) when started on day 7 or 14 after tumor-cell inoculation. When started on day 21, therapy was effective in only some (2 out of 5 cured) of the treated animals. Anti-tumor effects against the primary tumor and against lymph-node metastases were observed only after intratumoral (i.t.) administration of PEG-IL-2. Injection of the agent into or near lymph-node metastases in the absence of the primary tumor had no curative effect. In PBS/BSA-treated control animals the primary tumor and metastases grew progressively. In the treatment of far advanced metastatic disease, the combination of i.t. administration of PEG-IL-2 and i.p. injection of cyclophosphamide (Cy) resulted in improved anti-tumoral effects (5/5 guinea pigs were cured) when compared with monotherapy using either agent (one and none out of 5 animals cured, respectively). PBS/BSA heated controls showed progressive tumor-growth. We conclude that large primary tumors and lymph-node metastases can be treated effectively with PEG-IL-2. The i.t. route of administration is of major importance in the treatment of metastases, since administration of PEG-IL-2 near or into the lymph node had no therapeutic effect. Combination of PEG-IL-2 therapy with systemic injections of Cy significantly improved the curative effects of the treatment of advanced metastatic cancer.

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“…Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-6 and IL-12 help activate the immune response and therefore minimize tumor development or progression. IL-2 participates in the inflammatory response and has antitumor effects (8). IL-6 has been shown to affect occurrence and development of EC, fighting tumors through mobilization of antitumor immune mechanisms or by direct effects on cancer cells (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination therapy with lentinan improves outcomes in patients with esophageal carcinoma

Wang

Zou

et al. 2011

Mol Med Report

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IL2 treatment for cancer: from biology to gene therapy

Cited by 60 publications

References 53 publications

Phase I immunotherapy with a modified vaccinia virus (MVA) expressing human MUC1 as antigen‐specific immunotherapy in patients with MUC1‐positive advanced cancer

Phase I immunotherapy with a modified vaccinia virus (MVA) expressing human MUC1 as antigen‐specific immunotherapy in patients with MUC1‐positive advanced cancer

PEG‐IL‐2 therapy of advanced cancer in the guinea pig. Impact of the primary tumor and beneficial effect of cyclopphosphamide

Combination therapy with lentinan improves outcomes in patients with esophageal carcinoma

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