Abstract:The bone marrow microenvironment is physiologically hypoxic with areas being as low as 1% O2, e.g. the stem cell niche. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) blasts misuse these bone marrow niches for protection by the local microenvironment, but also might create their own microenvironment. Here we identify IL-8 as a hypoxia-regulated cytokine in both AML cell lines and primary AML samples that is induced within 48 hours of severe hypoxia (1% O2). IL-8 lacked effects on AML cells but induced migration in mesenchymal … Show more
“…We observed attenuation of CXCL-1 and IL8 secretions upon the molecular targeting of TIFA coherent with delayed leukemic cell growth and reduced chemoresistance (Fig. 6A and B), which supports previously suggested tumorigenic function of the two inflammatory factors (48,49).…”
Aurora A-dependent NF-kB signaling portends poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other cancers, but the functional basis underlying this association is unclear. Here, we report that Aurora A is essential for Thr9 phosphorylation of the TRAF-interacting protein TIFA, triggering activation of the NF-kB survival pathway in AML. TIFA protein was overexpressed concurrently with Aurora A and NF-kB signaling factors in patients with de novo AML relative to healthy individuals and also correlated with poor prognosis. Silencing TIFA in AML lines and primary patient cells decreased leukemic cell growth and chemoresistance via downregulation of prosurvival factors Bcl-2 and Bcl-X L that support NF-kB-dependent antiapoptotic events. Inhibiting TIFA perturbed leukemic cytokine secretion and reduced the IC 50 of chemotherapeutic drug treatments in AML cells. Furthermore, in vivo delivery of TIFA-inhibitory fragments potentiated the clearance of myeloblasts in the bone marrow of xenograft-recipient mice via enhanced chemotoxicity. Collectively, our results showed that TIFA supports AML progression and that its targeting can enhance the efficacy of AML treatments.Cancer Res; 77(2); 494-508. Ó2016 AACR.
“…We observed attenuation of CXCL-1 and IL8 secretions upon the molecular targeting of TIFA coherent with delayed leukemic cell growth and reduced chemoresistance (Fig. 6A and B), which supports previously suggested tumorigenic function of the two inflammatory factors (48,49).…”
Aurora A-dependent NF-kB signaling portends poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other cancers, but the functional basis underlying this association is unclear. Here, we report that Aurora A is essential for Thr9 phosphorylation of the TRAF-interacting protein TIFA, triggering activation of the NF-kB survival pathway in AML. TIFA protein was overexpressed concurrently with Aurora A and NF-kB signaling factors in patients with de novo AML relative to healthy individuals and also correlated with poor prognosis. Silencing TIFA in AML lines and primary patient cells decreased leukemic cell growth and chemoresistance via downregulation of prosurvival factors Bcl-2 and Bcl-X L that support NF-kB-dependent antiapoptotic events. Inhibiting TIFA perturbed leukemic cytokine secretion and reduced the IC 50 of chemotherapeutic drug treatments in AML cells. Furthermore, in vivo delivery of TIFA-inhibitory fragments potentiated the clearance of myeloblasts in the bone marrow of xenograft-recipient mice via enhanced chemotoxicity. Collectively, our results showed that TIFA supports AML progression and that its targeting can enhance the efficacy of AML treatments.Cancer Res; 77(2); 494-508. Ó2016 AACR.
“…CXCL8-expression differed between subgroups with significantly lower expression in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and highest expression in non-APL-AML patients with FLT3-internal tandem duplication (Kuett et al 2015). For CXCL9, CXCL10, and IL-12, no association with any AML-subtype was described until now.…”
Section: Chemokine-release In Serum Correlates With Clinical Featuresmentioning
In cancer or hematologic disorders, chemokines act as growth-or survival factors, regulating hematopoiesis and angiogenesis, determining metastatic spread and controlling leukocyte infiltration into tumors to inhibit antitumor immune responses. The aim was to quantify the release of CXCL8, −9, −10, CCL2, −5, and IL-12 in AML/ MDS-pts' serum by cytometric bead array and to correlate data with clinical subtypes and courses. Minimal differences in serum-levels subdivided into various groups (e.g. age groups, FAB-types, blastproportions, cytogenetic-risk-groups) were seen, but higher release of CXCL8, −9, −10 and lower release of CCL2 and −5 tendentially correlated with more favorable subtypes (<50 years of age, <80% blasts in PB). Comparing different stages of the disease higher CCL5-release in persisting disease and a significantly higher CCL2release at relapse were found compared to first diagnosispointing to a change of 'disease activity' on a chemokine level. Correlations with later on achieved response to immunotherapy and occurrence of GVHD were seen: Higher values of CXCL8, −9, −10 and CCL2 and lower CCL5-values correlated with achieved response to immunotherapy. Predictive cut-off-values were evaluated separating the groups in 'responders' and 'non-responders'. Higher levels of CCL2 and −5 but lower levels of CXCL8, −9, −10 correlated with occurrence of GVHD. We conclude, that in AML-pts' serum higher values of CXCL8, −9, −10 and lower values of CCL5 and in part of CCL2 correlate with more favorable subtypes and improved antitumor'-reactive function. This knowledge can contribute to develop immune-modifying strategies that promote antileukemic adaptive immune responses.
“…Interleukin-1β, which is produced by malignant HSCs in myeloproliferative neoplasia due to the Jak2V617F mutation, causes damage to MSCs and neurons in the BMM (Arranz et al, 2014). IL-8 acts as a hypoxia-induced cytokine and increases the number of MSCs and their migration in the AML niche (Kuett et al, 2015). In AML, high expression of CXCR4 correlates with poor prognosis (Konoplev et al, 2007;Rombouts et al, 2004).…”
Section: Role Of the Bmm In Chemoresistancementioning
The bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) is the 'domicile' of hematopoietic stem cells, as well as of malignant processes that can develop there. Multiple and complex interactions with the BMM influence hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) physiology, but also the pathophysiology of hematological malignancies. Reciprocally, hematological malignancies alter the BMM, in order to render it more hospitable for malignant progression. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we highlight concepts of the normal and malignant hematopoietic stem cell niches. We present the intricacies of the BMM in malignancy and provide approaches for targeting the interactions between malignant cells and their BMM. This is done in an effort to augment existing treatment strategies in the future.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.