IL-17 and TNF-β: Predictive biomarkers for transition to psychosis in ultra-high risk individuals

Ouyang, Lijun; Li, David; Li, Zongchang; Ma, Xiaoqian; Liu, Yuan; Fan, Lejia; Yang, Zihao; Zhang, Zhenmei; Li, Chunwang; Chen, Xiaogang

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1072380

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Likely in the prodromal and active phases of schizophrenia, an activation of the innate immune response predominates with greater activation of neutrophils, while in the residual phases, when negative symptoms are Likely in the prodromal and active phases of schizophrenia, an activation of the innate immune response predominates with greater activation of neutrophils, while in the residual phases, when negative symptoms are prevalent, activation of lymphocytes, typical of the adaptive immune response, would be prevalent.Following what has been reported in our study, it was observed that a high blood concentration of Interleukin-17 (IL-17), which stimulates neutrophil proliferation [48], was found in rst-episode psychotic patients [49].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Catatonia-like behavior and immune activation: a crosstalk between psychopathology and pathology in schizophrenia

Messina

Caraci

Aguglia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: in Kalhbaum's first description of catatonia, symptoms of the affective domain, such as blunted affect, were included in addition to motor symptoms. Recently some authors proposed to revisit the concept of catatonia by including symptoms such as blunted affect and psychomotor slowing. This study aimed to investigate the association between catatonic-like behavior (CLB) (emotional withdrawal, blunted affect, and psychomotor slowing) and inflammatory markers, such as neutrophil/lymphocytes ratio (NLR) and lymphocytes/monocytes ratio (LMR) in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Method: a sample of 25 patients with schizophrenia (10 females, 15 males) was recruited, and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to assess the severity of emotional withdrawal, blunted affect, and psychomotor slowing. Findings: the correlation analysis (Spearman r) revealed a robust direct association between blunted affect and psychomotor slowing (r=0.79, P=0.00), and a significant direct correlation between CLB (emotional withdrawal, r=0.51, P=0.05; blunted affect r=0.58, P=0.05; motor retardation, r=0.56, P=0.05) and LMR (r=0.53, P=0.05). In addition, patients with a duration of illness (DOI) older than five years had a higher presence of CLB and a higher LMR than patients with a more recent diagnosis of the disease. Likely, patients with positive symptoms and in the prodromal and active stages of the disease have a different immune profile than patients in the residual stage and with a predominance of negative symptoms. Conclusions: psychomotor slowing and blunted affect are two significantly related features, representing the two-faced Janus of immobility. Furthermore, aggregating them in CLB is more predominant the longer the duration of schizophrenia and is associated with different a specific pattern of immune activation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Catatonia-like behavior and immune activation: a crosstalk between psychopathology and pathology in schizophrenia

Messina

Caraci

Aguglia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Likely in the prodromal and active phases of schizophrenia, an activation of the innate immune response predominates with greater activation of neutrophils, while in the residual phases, when negative symptoms are prevalent, activation of lymphocytes, typical of the adaptive immune response, would be prevalent. Following what has been reported in our study, it was observed that a high blood concentration of Interleukin-17 (IL-17), which stimulates neutrophil proliferation [ 48 ], was found in first-episode psychotic patients [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Catatonia-like behavior and immune activation: a crosstalk between psychopathology and pathology in schizophrenia

Messina,

Caraci,

Aguglia

et al. 2023

Ann Gen Psychiatry

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Background In Kalhbaum's first characterization of catatonia, the emotional symptoms, such as decreased or restricted expression of feelings and emotions, which is described as blunted affect, are related to the motor symptoms. In later years, the affective domain was excluded from the concept of catatonia and was not included among the diagnostic criteria in the various Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) versions. In recent times, some authors have proposed the proposition of reevaluating the notion of catatonia through the reintroduction of the affective domain. The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between catatonic-like behavior (CLB), such as emotional withdrawal, blunted affect, and psychomotor slowing, and inflammatory markers, namely the neutrophil/lymphocytes ratio (NLR) and lymphocytes/monocytes ratio (LMR), in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Method A sample of 25 patients with schizophrenia (10 females, 15 males) was recruited, and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to assess the severity of emotional withdrawal, blunted affect, and psychomotor slowing. Findings: The correlation analysis (Spearman ρ) revealed a robust direct association between blunted affect and psychomotor slowing (ρ = 0.79, P = 0.001), and a significant direct correlation between CLB (emotional withdrawal, ρ = 0.51, P = 0.05; blunted affect ρ = 0.58, P = 0.05; motor retardation, ρ = 0.56, P = 0.05) and LMR (ρ = 0.53, P = 0.05). In addition, patients with a duration of illness (DOI) older than five years had a higher presence of CLB and a higher LMR than patients with a more recent diagnosis of the disease. Likely, patients with positive symptoms and in the prodromal and active stages of the disease have a different immune profile than patients in the residual stage and with a predominance of negative symptoms. Conclusions Psychomotor slowing and blunted affect are two significantly related features, representing the two-faced Janus of immobility. Furthermore, aggregating them in CLB is more predominant the longer the duration of schizophrenia and is associated with different a specific pattern of immune activation.

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“…TNFβ/Lymphotoxin-α is a cytokine expressed by lymphocytes and it was decreased in the FEP samples, as was the protein Flt3L. TNFβ was recently shown to be increased in a subgroup of high-risk individuals for schizophrenia in a Chinese population using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [37]. Future studies with larger patient groups and of different ethnicity are required to support the role of TNFβ in acute and chronic schizophrenia patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate analyses of immune markers reveal increases in plasma EN-RAGE in first-episode psychosis patients

Korhonen¹,

Paul²,

Wåhlén³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Immune cells and cytokines are largely recognized as significant factors in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. The possible role of other blood cells such as leukocytes in events of acute psychosis is in contrast only emerging. To study blood-born markers in acute psychosis we here evaluated plasma proteins inof drug-naïve first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and healthy controls using a multiplex proximity extension assay-technique. We analyzed a panel of 92 immune markers and plasma samples from 60 FEP patients and 50 controls, and evaluated the changes obtained using multivariate statistical methods followed by protein pathway analyses . Data showed that 11 proteins are significantly different between FEP patients and healthy controls We observed increases in pro-inflammatory proteins such as interleukin-6, oncostatin-M, and transforming growth factor-alpha in FEP patients compared with controls. Likewise, the EN-RAGE that regulates expression of various cytokines was also elevated in the plasma of FEP patients. The results indicate that neutrophil-derived EN-RAGE could play an important role during the early phase of acute psychosis by stimulating cytokines and the immune response targeting thereby likely also the brain vasculature.

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IL-17 and TNF-β: Predictive biomarkers for transition to psychosis in ultra-high risk individuals

Cited by 12 publications

References 79 publications

Catatonia-like behavior and immune activation: a crosstalk between psychopathology and pathology in schizophrenia

Catatonia-like behavior and immune activation: a crosstalk between psychopathology and pathology in schizophrenia

Catatonia-like behavior and immune activation: a crosstalk between psychopathology and pathology in schizophrenia

Multivariate analyses of immune markers reveal increases in plasma EN-RAGE in first-episode psychosis patients

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