Iisolation and physicochemical characterization of cassava starches obtained from different regions of ethiopia

Paulos, Getahun; Endale, Abebe; Bultosa, Geremew; Gebre‐Mariam, Tsige

doi:10.4314/epj.v27i1.51118

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The occurrence of these peaks confirms that the cassava starch used in our study had an A pattern [41,42]. This data also agrees with the report by Paulos et al which shows that cassava starch obtained from cassava tubers collected from three different regions in Ethiopia, namely, Gamo Gofa, Illubabor and Wollega were found to have A-type crystallinity [36].…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)supporting

confidence: 92%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Starch Vernolates in Organic Solvents

Desalegn¹,

Segne²,

Chebude³

2016

AJAC

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Abstract:In this study the synthesis of epoxy fatty acid esters of starch (starch vernolates) by the reaction of cassava starch with vernonia oil methyl ester (epoxy ester) using basic catalyst K 2 CO 3 and organic solvent, DMSO as a reaction medium is presented. Under current reaction conditions, a high degree of substitution of 1.24 was achieved, at a reaction temperature of 110°C and 12 hours of reaction time. The new starch vernolates were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the new product is an amorphous material with a continuous and shapeless morphology. The melting point measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was 118°C. The new synthetic method makes the synthesis of starch vernolates less time consuming and more inexpensive. The differences in melting point and degree of substitution with previously synthesized starch vernolates using enzymatic and chemical catalysis suggest a difference in reaction selectivity via this new reaction path.

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Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Native cassava starch granules had spherical and truncated hemi-spherical shape [35,36]. However, the cassava starch granules which were spherical and truncated hemi-spherical ones have lost their individuality and smooth surface texture after esterification due of replacement of hydroxyl groups.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Starch Vernolates in Organic Solvents

Desalegn¹,

Segne²,

Chebude³

2016

AJAC

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“…It has been seen in the literature that the morphology of starch can change after dissolution, and in particular in ILs . During the dissolution process, the starch granules can lose their granular morphology and change into a more irregular and with an increased surface area shape less morphology, facilitating the chemical reagent access to the hydroxyl groups enhancing the reaction of starch .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic synthesis of epoxy fatty acid starch ester in ionic liquid–organic solvent mixture from vernonia oil

et al. 2013

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In this study, epoxy fatty acid esters of cassava starch were synthesized by reacting cassava starch with vernonia oil methyl ester (epoxy ester) using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [C 4 C 1 Im][PF 6 ] ionic liquid (IL) as a reaction medium and DMSO as co-solvent. Lipase Candida antarctica fraction B (Novozyme 435) was used as a catalyst for the esterification reaction. In the optimized reaction conditions, a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.95 was achieved, at a reaction temperature of 40°C within 72 h of reaction time. The new cassava starch esters were characterized by infrared (FTIR), solid state NMR (CP/MAS 13 C NMR), SEM, XRD, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and DSC. FTIR and NMR spectroscopy analyses confirmed the successful esterification of starch and the DS was calculated to be 0.95 by titration methods. SEM and XRD studies showed that the morphology and crystallinity of native cassava starch were significantly changed upon esterification producing a continuous and amorphous material. Finally, the thermal behavior of the native and the starch vernolate was investigated using TGA and DSC techniques. The results revealed a change in the characteristic melting point and decomposition pattern of the new polymer. The onset decomposition temperature of the new starch vernolate is similar to the native form.

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“…Some of the Ethiopian plants which have been shown to possess starch of commercial value include Enset [1]; Ethiopian Yam [2]; Godare [3]; Anchote [4]; Cassava [5] and Kottee Harree [6]. P. edulis is locally known by various vernacular names such as Wolaita donuwa, Dincha Oromo, Gurage potato, Agew potato and generally, as Ethiopian potato [7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of carboxymethylated plectranthus edulis starch as a suspending agent in metronidazole benzoate suspension formulations

Brhane

2020

PLoS ONE

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Some excipients are currently available for the formulation of pharmaceutical suspensions. The objective of this study is to develop cheap and effective starch-based excipient that can be used as an effective alternative for the formulation of pharmaceutical suspensions. Carboxymethylated Plectranthus edulis, Vatke (P. edulis) [fam., Lamiaceae], starch was evaluated as a suspending agent in metronidazole benzoate suspensions in comparison with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) at a concentration range of 1-4% (w/v). The resulting suspensions were evaluated for their sedimentation volume (%), degree of flocculation, rheology, redispersibility, and dissolution rate. Stability studies were performed for 3 months. The apparent viscosities of the formulations prepared with carboxymethylated P. edulis starch at reaction condition E (CMPS-E) was significantly lower than that of NaCMC (p < 0.05). The flowability of the suspensions, at all concentration levels of the suspending agents, were in the order of CMPS-E > NaCMC. AT 1% concentrations, carboxymethylated P. edulis starch (76 ± 1.5%) provided significantly higher (p < 0.05) sedimentation volume than NaCMC (40 ± 1.5%). At 3% and 4%, both gave comparable sedimentation volume (100%). Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH 2 PO 4) employed as a flocculating agent significantly increased (p < 0.05) the sedimentation volume of the suspensions prepared with carboxymethylated P.edulis starch and NaCMC. The redispersibilities of CMPS-E were better than those of NaCMC. All suspensions showed a release of greater than 85% of drug within 1 h. The results of stability studies showed that all suspension formulations were stable. From the foregoing, it can be concluded that carboxymethylated P. edulis starch could be used as an alternative suspending agent.

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Iisolation and physicochemical characterization of cassava starches obtained from different regions of ethiopia

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Starch Vernolates in Organic Solvents

Synthesis and Characterization of Starch Vernolates in Organic Solvents

Enzymatic synthesis of epoxy fatty acid starch ester in ionic liquid–organic solvent mixture from vernonia oil

Evaluation of carboxymethylated plectranthus edulis starch as a suspending agent in metronidazole benzoate suspension formulations

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