III-V Multijunction Solar Cells—New Lattice-Matched Products And Development Of Upright Metamorphic 3J Cells

Guter, W.; Kern, R.; Köstler, Wolfgang; Kubera, T.; Lockenhoff, Rudiger; Meusel, M.; Shirnow, M.; Strobl, G.; Dimroth, Frank; Kurtz, Sarah; Sala, Gabriel; Bett, Andreas W.

doi:10.1063/1.3658282

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…This type of solar cell has reached record efficiencies up to 41.6% under concentrated sunlight illumination and is produced by several companies [1][2][3]. In the case of the lattice matched Ga 0.49 In 0.51 P/Ga 0.99 In 0.01 As/Ge material combination, the Ge bottom junction is known to generate a large excess current, which limits the device performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wafer bonded four‐junction GaInP/GaAs//GaInAsP/GaInAs concentrator solar cells with 44.7% efficiency

Dimroth

Grave

Beutel

et al. 2014

Progress in Photovoltaics

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536

301

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Triple-junction solar cells from III-V compound semiconductors have thus far delivered the highest solar-electric conversion efficiencies. Increasing the number of junctions generally offers the potential to reach even higher efficiencies, but material quality and the choice of bandgap energies turn out to be even more importance than the number of junctions. Several four-junction solar cell architectures with optimum bandgap combination are found for lattice-mismatched III-V semiconductors as high bandgap materials predominantly possess smaller lattice constant than low bandgap materials. Direct wafer bonding offers a new opportunity to combine such mismatched materials through a permanent, electrically conductive and optically transparent interface. In this work, a GaAs-based top tandem solar cell structure was bonded to an InP-based bottom tandem cell with a difference in lattice constant of 3.7%. The result is a GaInP/GaAs//GaInAsP/GaInAs four-junction solar cell with a new record efficiency of 44.7% at 297-times concentration of the AM1.5d (ASTM G173-03) spectrum. This work demonstrates a successful pathway for reaching highest conversion efficiencies with III-V multi-junction solar cells having four and in the future even more junctions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wafer bonded four‐junction GaInP/GaAs//GaInAsP/GaInAs concentrator solar cells with 44.7% efficiency

Dimroth

Grave

Beutel

et al. 2014

Progress in Photovoltaics

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536

301

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“…Standard cells available today include lattice-matched triple-junction solar cells made of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge. 17,18 Record efficiencies between 41.1% and 44.4% have been reported 19,20 for triple-junction solar cells. Higher efficiencies are possible with additional pn-junctions.…”

Section: Solar Cellmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For best electrical performance, multijunction solar cells are used in the HCPV modules. Standard cells available today include lattice‐matched triple‐junction solar cells made of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge . Record efficiencies between 41.1% and 44.4% have been reported for triple‐junction solar cells.…”

Section: Module Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic design evaluation on the example of a concentrator photovoltaic module with mirror optics and passive heat dissipation

Wiesenfarth

Gamisch

Jakob

et al. 2018

Progress in Photovoltaics

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In the design of concentrator photovoltaic modules, numerous components need to be optimised to achieve the highest performance of the complete system while simultaneously maintaining low costs for the manufacturing processes. In this paper, we present a systematic analysis of different designs of concentrator photovoltaic modules using mirror optics to concentrate the solar radiation by a factor of 1000 with passive heat dissipation. Module designs based on 4 different arrangements for the optics are investigated: on‐axis, asymmetrical, and Cassegrain with and without tertiary optics. Each design is optimised for high thermal, optical, and electrical performance via finite element method, ray tracing, and network simulations. Concepts for manufacturing are also proposed. The 4 specific designs are evaluated and compared in a systematic benefit analysis. In this analysis, 9 criteria are defined to describe the module performance and manufacturability. To quantify the benefit of each module design, utility values—a score to provide a value to the benefit—and weighting factors are defined. With this systematic analysis, the strengths and potential for optimisation are identified, and the different designs are compared. In addition, the potential for improvement is discussed surveying the different criteria.

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“…Anyhow the strong metamorphic growth of these 4J solar cell materials still yields small losses of around 30mV compared to the lattice-matched growth which has in depth been studied by appropriate isotype cells [6] [8].…”

Section: Upright Metamorphic 4j Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of lightweight space solar cells with 30% efficiency at end-of-life

Strobl

Ebel

Fuhrmann

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE 40th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)

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AZUR's latest lattice-matched triple junction space solar cell product has been designed for a high EOL efficiency by focusing the development on radiation hardness right from the beginning. These solar cells named as 3G30-Advanced show an efficiency of 29.5% at BOL and of 28.1% for EOL at 5E14 (1MeV) e-/cm 2 (AM0, 1367 W/m 2 , 28°C). Meanwhile more than 125,000 cells of this cell type have been delivered to customers worldwide. Cell thicknesses of 150 µm, 80µm or even as thin as 20µm are available. Besides the standard size of 8x4 cm 2 (with cropped corners) larger sizes such as 8x8cm 2 and 12x6 cm 2 are also available and provide equal performance. AZUR's next generation product will comprise a metamorphic 4-junction device targeting at 30% efficiency at EOL to be qualified in 2015/16. Furthermore, for arriving at more than 30% EOL efficiency with 4 -6 junction solar cells in a subsequent step, appropriate lattice-matched 1eV dilute nitride materials, inversely grown solar cells and semiconductor bonded cells are studied in cooperation with external partners. Index Terms -end-of-life-efficiency, GaAs based space solar cells, radiation damage, subcell design978-1-4799-4398-2/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE

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III-V Multijunction Solar Cells—New Lattice-Matched Products And Development Of Upright Metamorphic 3J Cells

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Wafer bonded four‐junction GaInP/GaAs//GaInAsP/GaInAs concentrator solar cells with 44.7% efficiency

Wafer bonded four‐junction GaInP/GaAs//GaInAsP/GaInAs concentrator solar cells with 44.7% efficiency

Systematic design evaluation on the example of a concentrator photovoltaic module with mirror optics and passive heat dissipation

Development of lightweight space solar cells with 30% efficiency at end-of-life

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