III-Nitride Based Cyan Light-Emitting Diodes with GHz Bandwidth for High-Speed Visible Light Communication

Shi, Jin‐Wei; Chi, Kai-Lun; Wun, Jhih-Min; Bowers, John E.; Shih, Ya-Hsuan; Sheu, Jinn-Kong

doi:10.1109/led.2016.2573265

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…VLC links integrating OLEDs as optical transmitters have already been reported by our groups and others [9][10][11][12][13][14] , with data rates exceeding 10 Mb/s due to the leveraging of both equalisation algorithms and wavelength division multiplexing. Undoubtedly, such data rates are not as high as those afforded by "inorganic" VLC systems (up to 35 Gb/s) 20 based on multiple-quantum-well (MQW) LEDs and LDs, which are mainly limited by the intrinsic exciton decay lifetime [21][22][23][24] . This lifetime can be decreased to the sub-nanosecond range by engineering the MQW active layer volume, improving heat sinking, heavy doping, or using non-polar substrates [21][22][23][24] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Undoubtedly, such data rates are not as high as those afforded by "inorganic" VLC systems (up to 35 Gb/s) 20 based on multiple-quantum-well (MQW) LEDs and LDs, which are mainly limited by the intrinsic exciton decay lifetime [21][22][23][24] . This lifetime can be decreased to the sub-nanosecond range by engineering the MQW active layer volume, improving heat sinking, heavy doping, or using non-polar substrates [21][22][23][24] . As discussed in previous reports [9][10][11][12][13][14] , OLEDs' lower modulation bandwidths arise from their RC time constant, which strongly depends on charge mobilities of~10 −6 -10 −2 cm 2 /V s in OSs (at least three orders of magnitude lower than that in GaN) and the size of the photoactive area 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visible light communication with efficient far-red/near-infrared polymer light-emitting diodes

et al. 2020

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Visible light communication (VLC) is a wireless technology that relies on optical intensity modulation and is potentially a game changer for internet-of-things (IoT) connectivity. However, VLC is hindered by the low penetration depth of visible light in non-transparent media. One solution is to extend operation into the "nearly (in)visible" near-infrared (NIR, 700-1000 nm) region, thus also enabling VLC in photonic bio-applications, considering the biological tissue NIR semitransparency, while conveniently retaining vestigial red emission to help check the link operativity by simple eye inspection. Here, we report new far-red/NIR organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with a 650-800 nm emission range and external quantum efficiencies among the highest reported in this spectral range (>2.7%, with maximum radiance and luminance of 3.5 mW/cm 2 and 260 cd/m 2 , respectively). With these OLEDs, we then demonstrate a "real-time" VLC setup achieving a data rate of 2.2 Mb/s, which satisfies the requirements for IoT and biosensing applications. These are the highest rates ever reported for an online unequalised VLC link based on solution-processed OLEDs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible light communication with efficient far-red/near-infrared polymer light-emitting diodes

et al. 2020

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“…It has been widely reported that the modulation characteristics of LED mainly depend on the following two aspects: RC time and carrier recombination lifetime. Obviously, LED devices with larger active area will limit the modulation bandwidth [18], [19]. Micro-LED with smaller pixel size could reduce RC time, and semi-polar InGaN/GaN MQWs with less QCSE could have faster radiative recombination, thus semi-polar micro-LEDs provide a potential candidate for improving the modulation characteristics for visible light communication applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Semi-Polar InGaN/GaN Green Micro Light-Emitting Diodes

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2020

IEEE Photonics J.

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Semi-polar micro-LEDs have gain increasing interests due to the advantages of polarization control and quantum efficiency improvement. In this work, a novel semi-polar (20-21)-plane micro-LEDs array has been designed and manufactured. In comparison with c-plane micro-LEDs, semi-polar micro-LEDs indicate better electrical and optical performance. The relative EQE of semi-polar micro-LEDs remains at 62% under the injected current density of 775.6 A/cm 2 , which indicates a reduced efficiency droop due to less polarization in MQWs. It has been further proved by a significant reduction of 55% in emission peak blue-shift under the injected current density from 11.1 A/cm 2 to 775.6 A/cm 2. In addition, the carrier recombination dynamics and spatial light distribution of semi-polar micro-LEDs with different pixel sizes have been studied. Fast recombination lifetime in smaller size semi-polar micro-LEDs indicates a promising way to be used as a high modulation bandwidth light source. Stable and uniform light distribution in a wider range of spatial azimuths further supports for the semi-polar micro-LEDs as a strong candidate for the applications of high-resolution display and high-speed visible light communication.

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“…Large modulation bandwidths in micro‐LEDs are typically achieved at high current densities ranging from 10 to 15 kA cm −2 . The modulation bandwidth of these LEDs is limited by the recombination lifetimes.…”

Section: Successes and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, nonpolar and semipolar LEDs offer a reduction in recombination lifetime due to their larger wavefunction overlaps . The modulation bandwidths as a function of current density for selected nonpolar and semipolar planes are compared with reported c‐ plane micro‐LEDs in Figure . Nonpolar and semipolar LEDs offer significantly enhanced modulation bandwidths at much lower current densities, which is beneficial for minimizing power consumption and efficeincy droop.…”

Section: Successes and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decade of Nonpolar and Semipolar III-Nitrides: A Review of Successes and Challenges

Monavarian

Rashidi

Feezell

2018

Phys. Status Solidi A

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The performance of III-nitride devices is degraded by polarization in a wurtzite crystal structure. Nonpolar and semipolar III-nitrides have been extensively studied since the early 2000s as a solution to the polarizationrelated issues. Removal of polarization is expected to improve the radiative efficiency, optical gain, charge transport, and potentially offer solutions to the challenging problems in III-nitride light-emitting diodes (LEDs) known as efficiency droop and the green gap. In addition, use of nonpolar and semipolar orientations is also predicted to offer polarization pinning in some devices due to anisotropic in-plane strain. Despite the many potential advantages over c-plane, nonpolar and semipolar optoelectronic devices have not successfully replaced conventional c-plane devices in the commercial sector. Here, nonpolar and semipolar III-nitrides are reviewed after more than a decade of development. The successes and challenges of nonpolar and semipolar orientations for applications such as LEDs, laser diodes, superluminescent diodes, and vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers are discussed. New potential avenues for nonpolar and semipolar III-nitrides are also highlighted, including visible-light communication and power electronics. The availability of low-cost, high-crystal-quality substrates with nonpolar or semipolar orientation is discussed and alternative approaches for realizing these orientations are presented, including selective-area bottom-up nanostructures.

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III-Nitride Based Cyan Light-Emitting Diodes with GHz Bandwidth for High-Speed Visible Light Communication

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

Visible light communication with efficient far-red/near-infrared polymer light-emitting diodes

Visible light communication with efficient far-red/near-infrared polymer light-emitting diodes

High-Performance Semi-Polar InGaN/GaN Green Micro Light-Emitting Diodes

A Decade of Nonpolar and Semipolar III-Nitrides: A Review of Successes and Challenges

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