II Cochlear Otosclerosis: A Human Temporal Bone Report

Sando, Isamu; Hemenway, William G.; Hildyard, Victor H.; English, Gerald M.

doi:10.1177/000348946807700102

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Several investigators have observed an association between the severity of sensorineural HL and the extent of cochlear endosteal involvement with otosclerosis. 6,8,38,41,42,44,48,49 Some investigators have observed a localized affect of otosclerotic endosteal involvement of the cochlea with atrophy of the adjacent stria vascularis 34,35,39,40,48,50 or hair cell and nerve fiber loss. 50 Others have observed a generalized affect on stria vascularis atrophy 46 and hair cell loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few cases of profound sensorineural HL have been reported that appear to be related to advanced otosclerosis. 31–35 Benitez and Schuknecht 31 reported the temporal bone findings of an individual with bilateral otosclerosis and progressive HL. In one temporal bone with profound HL, fixation of the stapes and extensive involvement of the cochlear endosteum was observed.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sando et al 35 reported the temporal bone findings of a 68‐year‐old individual with a severe mixed HL bilaterally. Both temporal bones exhibited invasion of the co‐chlear endosteum with otosclerosis in multiple turns.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Questioning the Relationship between Cochlear Otosclerosis and Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Quantitative Evaluation of Cochlear Structures in Cases of Otosclerosis and Review of the Literature

Nelson

Hinojosa

2004

The Laryngoscope

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This study demonstrates a variable amount of degeneration of the cochlear elements in individuals with otosclerotic involvement of the endosteum. The reduction in the population of cochlear elements was not related to the extent and location of endosteal involvement with otosclerosis. These findings suggest that factors that limit the effect of otosclerotic endosteal involvement on the cochlear elements or processes that effect the cochlear elements directly and are independent of bone involvement may be present.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Questioning the Relationship between Cochlear Otosclerosis and Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Quantitative Evaluation of Cochlear Structures in Cases of Otosclerosis and Review of the Literature

Nelson

Hinojosa

2004

The Laryngoscope

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“…5 Histologic changes occurring in the cochlear soft tissues at the site of otosclerotic endosteal penetration have been descriptively referred to as a hyalinization reaction. [6][7][8] In hematoxylineosin stained temporal bone sections, the hyalinized tissue appears pink in color and is characterized by decreased cellularity IMPORTANCE Otosclerotic bone has been observed to penetrate the endosteal layer of the cochlea, resulting in direct contact with the soft-tissue structures of the inner ear. Sensorineural hearing loss has been observed in some, but not all, of these cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Hyalinization Reaction in Otosclerosis

Nelson

Hinojosa

2014

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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O tosclerosis is a disease of abnormal bone remodeling, which is unique in that it occurs only in the otic capsule of the human temporal bone. Large foci of otosclerosis may penetrate the endosteal layer of the cochlea, resulting in direct contact of otosclerotic bone with the softtissue structures of the inner ear. We have previously reported variable amounts of cochlear element degeneration with otosclerotic endosteal penetration, 1 and in that earlier study, the cochlear elements, including the hair cells, ganglion cells, and stria vascularis, were evaluated quantitatively. A reduction in the population of cochlear elements was not related to the extent and location of otosclerotic endosteal involvement, and a reduction in sensorineural thresholds was observed in some, but not all cases. These observations suggest that factors that limit the effect of otosclerotic endosteal involvement on the cochlear elements may be present. Reports on the association between endosteal involvement of the otic capsule with otosclerosis and sensorineural hearing loss have been summarized in a review of the literature. 1As early as 1899, Siebenmann 2 speculated that the diffusion of toxic substances from otosclerotic bone into the inner ear fluids resulted in hearing loss. Evidence now supports this concept. Hydrolytic enzymes produced by otosclerotic bone have been identified in perilymph and appear to be a factor leading to the degeneration of cochlear sensorineural elements and sensorineural hearing loss. 3,4 In addition, cytokines released by otosclerotic bone have been suggested as a potential source of spiral ligament dysfunction resulting in a loss of cochlear fluid and ion homeostasis. 5Histologic changes occurring in the cochlear soft tissues at the site of otosclerotic endosteal penetration have been descriptively referred to as a hyalinization reaction. [6][7][8] In hematoxylineosin stained temporal bone sections, the hyalinized tissue appears pink in color and is characterized by decreased cellularity IMPORTANCE Otosclerotic bone has been observed to penetrate the endosteal layer of the cochlea, resulting in direct contact with the soft-tissue structures of the inner ear. Sensorineural hearing loss has been observed in some, but not all, of these cases. The development of histologic changes occurring in the cochlear soft tissues at the site of otosclerotic endosteal penetration has been descriptively referred to as a hyalinization reaction. The role of the hyalinization reaction in the development of hearing loss is unknown.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the composition of these hyalinized soft tissues using immunostaining techniques. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSRetrospective review in a human temporal bone histopathology research laboratory of 3 specimens from patients with endosteal otosclerotic involvement.INTERVENTIONS Evaluation of human temporal bone pathology findings. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESHuman temporal bone sections with endosteal otosclerotic involvement were studied using immunostaining techniques to ide...

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