Ignition studies of n-heptane/iso-octane/toluene blends

Javed, Tamour; Lee, Changyoul; Alabbad, Mohammed; Djebbi, Khalil; Beshir, Mohamed; Badra, Jihad; Curran, Henry J.; Farooq, Aamir

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.06.008

Cited by 93 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…The development of the blending rule starts with PRF and TPRF mixtures with ethanol, since these are widely used surrogates for gasoline fuels [44,[71][72][73][74][75][76]. Also, establishing an octane number regression model for PRFs/ethanol and TPRFs/ethanol blends would significantly aid the efforts in designing modern engines fuels with optimum ON response due to the addition of ethanol.…”

Section: Methodology To Develop a Blending Rule Of Ethanol With Prfs mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the octane response of gasoline/ethanol blends

2017

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Section: Methodology To Develop a Blending Rule Of Ethanol With Prfs mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the octane response of gasoline/ethanol blends

2017

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“…However, combustion chemistry of low-octane gasolines is relatively less studied as compared to conventional gasolines. The only previous contributions to the chemical kinetics of fully blended low-octane gasolines are from our group at KAUST [10][11][12][13]. Javed et al [10] studied the ignition delay times and surrogate formulation of light naphtha, a low-octane (RON = 64.5, MON = 63.5) fully blended fuel, in a high-pressure shock tube and rapid compression machine over wide range of test conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They showed that at high temperatures and in the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) region, a primary reference fuel (PRF) surrogate (mixture of n-heptane and isooctane) adequately captured the autoignition of light naphtha; while at low temperatures, a multicomponent surrogate better reproduced the ignition behavior of light naphtha. Javed et al [11] and Abbad et al [12] provided a wide range of ignition delay data for toluene/PRF (TPRF) and PRF blends with research octane numbers (RON) ranging 70 -97.5 to model the reactivity of low-tohigh octane gasolines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ignition studies of two low-octane gasolines

Javed

Ahmed

Lovisotto

et al. 2017

Combustion and Flame

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Low-octane gasolines (RON  50-70 range) are prospective fuels for gasoline compression ignition (GCI) internal combustion engines. GCI technology utilizing low-octane fuels has the potential to significantly improve well-to-wheel efficiency and reduce the transportation sector's environmental footprint by offsetting diesel fuel usage in compression ignition engines. In this study, ignition delay times of two low-octane FACE (Fuels for Advanced Combustion Engines) gasolines, FACE I and FACE J, were measured in a shock tube and a rapid compression machine over a broad range of engine-relevant conditions (650-1200 K, 20 and 40 bar and  = 0.5 and 1). The two gasolines are of similar octane ratings with anti-knock index, AKI = (RON + MON)/2, of  70 and sensitivity, S = RON-MON, of  3. However, the molecular compositions of the two gasolines are notably different. Experimental ignition delay time results showed that the two gasolines exhibited similar reactivity over a wide range of test conditions. Furthermore, ignition delay times of a primary reference fuel (PRF) surrogate (n-heptane/iso-octane blend), having the same AKI as the FACE gasolines, captured the ignition behavior of these gasolines with some minor discrepancies at low temperatures (T < 700 K). Multi-component surrogates, formulated by matching the octane ratings and compositions of the two gasolines, emulated the autoignition behavior of gasolines from high to low temperatures. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine simulations were used to show that the PRF and multi-component surrogates exhibited similar combustion phasing over a wide range of engine operating conditions.

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“…The main difference between the gasoline fuels used here compared to previous studies is in the oxygenated content; the Coryton and Haltermann gasolines fuels contain 8 mole % and 17 mole % ethanol, respectively. On the other hand, the RD 387 used in [1,[49][50][51][52]] is a research grade gasoline with no oxygenates.…”

Section: Fuel Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These surrogates have RON and sensitivity (S = RON -MON) equal to those of the Haltermann and Coryton fuels, respectively. Experimental ignition delay times of a variety of TPRF blends, including the two used here, have recently been measured by Javed et al [52] in shock tube and rapid compression machine over wide range of conditions. Those experimental data as well as kinetic simulations of TPRF surrogates have been used here to compare with the measured ignition delay times of the two certification gasolines of the current work.…”

Section: Surrogate Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoignition characteristics of oxygenated gasolines

Lee

Ahmed

Nasir

et al. 2017

Combustion and Flame

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Gasoline anti-knock quality, defined by the research and motor octane numbers (RON and MON), is important for increasing spark ignition (SI) engine efficiency. Gasoline knock resistance can be increased using a number of blending components. For over two decades, ethanol has become a popular anti-knock blending agent with gasoline fuels due to its production from bio-derived resources. This work explores the oxidation behavior of two oxygenated certification gasoline fuels and the variation of fuel reactivity with molecular composition. Ignition delay times of Haltermann (RON = 91) and Coryton (RON = 97.5) gasolines have been measured in a high-pressure shock tube and in a rapid compression machine at three pressures of 10, 20 and 40 bar, at equivalence ratios of φ = 0.45, 0.9 and 1.8, and in the temperature range of 650-1250 K. The results indicate that the effects of fuel octane number and fuel composition on ignition characteristics are strongest in the intermediate temperature (negative temperature coefficient) region. To simulate the reactivity of these gasolines, three kinds of surrogates, consisting of three, four and eight components, are proposed and compared with the gasoline ignition delay times. It is shown that more complex surrogate mixtures are needed to emulate the reactivity of gasoline with higher octane sensitivity (S = RON-MON). Detailed kinetic analyses are performed to illustrate the dependence of gasoline ignition delay times on fuel composition and, in particular, on ethanol content.

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Ignition studies of n-heptane/iso-octane/toluene blends

Cited by 93 publications

References 48 publications

Optimization of the octane response of gasoline/ethanol blends

Optimization of the octane response of gasoline/ethanol blends

Ignition studies of two low-octane gasolines

Autoignition characteristics of oxygenated gasolines

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