Ignition process of a heated iron block in high-pressure oxygen atmosphere

Sato, Junichi

doi:10.1016/0010-2180(94)00090-f

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…These correspond to very small sparkling spots on the surface, undergoing ignition before the whole surface ignites. Such spots have also been noticed by Sato et al (1995) on bulk mild steel samples. Decarburization could be responsible for those igniting spots: careful observation shows that they are very small bubbles of liquid that burn, explode (probably due to CO formation), and then extinguish.…”

Section: Ignitionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…To overcome these two problems, non-intrusive techniques have been used to ignite the metallic samples. For instance, Bolobov et al (1991Bolobov et al ( , 1992 and Sato et al (1995) used inductive heating. Focalized laser beams (Arzuov et al, 1979;Bransford, 1985;Kirichenko et al, 1989) or collimated xenon lamp beams (Branch et al, 1992;Nguyen and Branch, 1987) have also been used to ignite small bulk metallic samples, with intensities of approximately 1 MW•m −2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Ignition of Bulk Iron, Mild Steel, and Stainless Steel in Oxygen Atmospheres

Muller

El-Rabii

Fabbro

2014

Combustion Science and Technology

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International audienceThe ignition of pure iron, mild steel S355J, and stainless steel 316L has been investigated. The whole ignition and combustion processes have been monitored using a high-speed video camera and adapted pyrometry. Our results show that the absorptivity of the iron and mild steel to laser radiation increases rapidly at 850 K, from 0.45 to 0.7, and that of stainless steel increases more gradually during the heating process from 0.45 to 0.7. The ignition of iron, mild steel, and stainless steel is controlled by a transition temperature, at which the diffusivity of the metal increases sharply. The transition temperature of pure iron and mild steel is around 1750 K, when molten material appears, and that of stainless steel is around 1900 K, when the solid oxide layer loses its protective properties. These temperatures are independent of the oxygen pressure (from 2 to 20 bar) and of the laser intensity (from 1.6 to 34 kW*cm ). During ignition, the temperature increases very strongly at first, and after that a change in the heating rate of the surface is observed. A diffusive-reactive model, provided with equations describing the diffusion of oxygen in the metal and the transfer of heat released by the oxidation reactions has been solved. The model correctly reproduces the sharp rise of temperature as well as the decrease in the heating rate that follows. Comparison between calculated and experimental data shows that, without liquid convection flow in the melt, combustion would extinguish as soon as the metal surface is fully oxidized and that the combustion front moves into the metal

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Section: Ignitionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ignition of Bulk Iron, Mild Steel, and Stainless Steel in Oxygen Atmospheres

Muller

El-Rabii

Fabbro

2014

Combustion Science and Technology

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“…They deduced from the relation between the mean regression rate of the rod and the oxygen pressure that the rate-limiting mechanism is either the physical adsorption, or the chemical adsorption or the incorporation of oxygen at the oxygen-oxide interface. Similar observations made by Ohtani [23] and then by Sato et al [27] for the ignition of massive iron blocks even lead them to infer that the convection was essential in the combustion process. Steinberg et al, observing the movements of the dark zones on the surface of the liquid during the combustion of iron rods in microgravity, concluded then that the circulation in the liquid is the dominant process involved in the combustion of iron [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Liquid phase combustion of iron in an oxygen atmosphere

2015

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In this article, we report an investigation of laser-initiated ignition of pure iron rods, using optical pyrometry, video observations, and analysis of metallographic cross section of quenched burning liquid on copper plates. When ignition occurs, caused by the melting of metal, the combustion takes place in the liquid. Two distinct superposed phases (L1 and L2) are identified in the liquid, according to the known phase diagram of the iron oxide system. Our observations show that the L1 and L2 phases can be either distinct and immiscible or mixing together. The temperature of the transition at which the mixing occurs is around 2350 K. Two mechanisms are proposed to explain the mixing occurring at high temperature: the spontaneous emulsification resulting from a strong decrease of the interfacial tension between L1 and L2 and the reduction of the miscibility gap between them at high temperature. Based on the experimental data of the evolution of the temperature and the video observation of the melt for different ignition conditions, we provide a complete description of the combustion process of iron induced by laser. Eventually, an extrapolation of the ironoxygen phase diagram, to temperatures higher than 2000 K, is proposed.

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“…As a result, even in ambient pressure, the resistance to the combustion of iron is poor. Junichi Sato, a Japanese researcher, studied the flammability of iron in high-pressure, oxygen-enriched atmospheres [6]. He found that when the hot iron burned in oxygen, the oxide and natural convection influenced the combustion property.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion of Metals in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres

Shao

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2020

Metals

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Metal combustion is one of the main issues threatening service safety in oxygen-enriched atmospheres, leading to unexpected explosions in rocket engines. This paper reviews the recent development of metals combustion in oxygen-enriched atmospheres. Test methods under three typical conditions and combustion behaviors of three typical metals are mainly discussed. The microstructures of the combustion areas of tested samples in stainless steels, nickel superalloys, and titanium alloys are similar, containing an oxide zone, a melting zone, and a heat-affected zone. The development trend of metal combustion in oxygen-enriched atmospheres in the future is also forecasted.

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Ignition process of a heated iron block in high-pressure oxygen atmosphere

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Laser Ignition of Bulk Iron, Mild Steel, and Stainless Steel in Oxygen Atmospheres

Laser Ignition of Bulk Iron, Mild Steel, and Stainless Steel in Oxygen Atmospheres

Liquid phase combustion of iron in an oxygen atmosphere

Combustion of Metals in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres

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