Ignition of lean methane-air mixtures by high pressure glow and ARC discharges

On inductive ignition

“…Results quantify the properties of the weak shock presumed in Ziegler et al [3]. The study shows that the velocities involved with kernel growth are about 5 m/s and the mechanical aspects of the growth are negligible.…”

“…Even in the case of atomic explosions involving shock velocities about two orders of magnitude above the speed of sound, the contribution of kinetic energy to total energy is about 20%. On the other hand, the order of kernel velocity involved with Ziegler et al [3] is about 5 m/s and the contribution of kinetic energy to total energy is negligible. Accordingly, the thermofluid problem under consideration is reduced to a thermal problem and…”

“…An extensive survey of the literature by Maly [2] includes the notable data of Ziegler et al [3]. These data reproduced in Fig.…”

“…However, this detonation eventually is weakened in time. To determine its lower bound, consider a least-squares fitting of the Ziegler et al [3] data which readily yields, for n = 3/5, Assume (a/V ) 2 ∼ 10 −1 , a being the initial speed of sound, to be a criterion for this bound which, according to Fig. 4, turns out to be t ∼ 10 −3 ms.…”

Hybrid presumed pdf and flame surface density approaches for Large-Eddy Simulation of premixed turbulent combustion. Part 2: Early flame development after sparking

“…Recent works deal with laser ignition [14,15] but most often, ignition is imposed through the electrical discharge of a spark plug, like in aircraft or automotive engines. Pioneer investigations of spark-ignition were the experimental ones from Maly and Vogel [16], followed by those Ziegler et al [17]. Spark-ignition was then decomposed into the sequence: pre-breakdown, breakdown, arc discharge and glow discharge phases, the duration of each depending on the ignition circuit characteristics.…”